豫南烤烟不同成熟度烟叶烘烤工艺优化研究  

The Curing Technology Optimization for Tobacco Leaves with Different Maturities in Southern Henan

作　　者：宗胜杰 崔光周[2] 王建刚[2] 马浩波[1] 万鑫 苏烁 朱银峰[1] 李淑君[1] ZONG Sheng-jie;CUI Guang-zhou;WANG Jian-gang;MA Hao-bo;WAN Xin;SU Shuo;ZHU Yin-feng;LI Shu-jun(Tobacco Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xuchang 461000,PRC;Xinyang Tobacco Company of Henan Province,Xinyang 464000,PRC)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所,河南许昌461000 [2]河南省烟草公司信阳市公司,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2022年第2期91-95,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省烟草公司信阳市公司科技项目(2018411500200039)。

摘　　要：为探索豫南烟区中部叶不同成熟度烟叶的适宜烘烤工艺,实现烟农增收和烟叶品质提升的目的,以云烟87中部叶为材料,首先对烟叶成熟度进行了分类,然后针对不同成熟度的烟叶分别进行烘烤工艺优化。结果表明:对鲜烟叶进行成熟度分类,该批次鲜烟叶中适熟与低成熟度烟叶的比例为3∶1;通过对不同成熟度烟叶分类装炕精准烘烤(低成熟度烟叶采用T1工艺,主要是延长烘烤预变黄过程、提升烟叶的后熟效应;适熟烟叶采用T3工艺,主要是定色前降低烟叶水分,并延长定色烘烤时间),其烤后烟叶综合的上等烟比例和均价分别较常规烘烤提升8.20%和8.95%,均达到显著水平;同时,T1工艺和T3工艺分别能够显著提升低成熟度烟叶和适熟烟叶烤后的经济效益、外观质量及评吸质量,并提高主要化学成分的整体协调性。In order to explore a suitable curing technology of tobacco middle leaves with different maturities in the tobacco-growing area of Southern Henan for increasing tobacco farmers’ income and improving the quality of middle leaves,the curing technology optimization was conducted with the middle leaves of Yunyan 87 as materials.According to maturity,this batch of fresh tobacco leaves were classified into the proper maturity and the low maturity,up to a ratio of 3∶1.The results showed that by classified loading and precisive curing for different maturity tobacco leaves (low maturity tobacco leaves using T1,aiming at prolonging the yellowing time during curing and improving the after-ripening effect of tobacco;proper maturity tobacco leaves using T3,aiming at reducing the moisture content of tobacco leaves before color-fixing and prolonging color-fixing durations),the proportion and average price of high-class leaves after curing increased by 8.20% and 8.95% respectively,compared with the conventional curing technology,which reached a significant level;meanwhile,T1 and T3 could significantly improve the economic benefits,appearance quality and smoking evaluation quality,as well as chemical components harmony of low maturity and proper maturity tobacco leaves,respectively.

关 键 词：烤烟 中部叶 成熟度 烘烤工艺 豫南 

分 类 号：TS443[农业科学—烟草工业]