理工科优秀博士学位论文的“学术基因”是什么?——基于Z大学近五年优秀博士学位论文评选数据的分析  

What is the“Academic Gene”of an Excellent Doctoral Dissertation(EDD)in the Field of Science and Engineering:Based on the Analysis of the Evaluation Data of the EDDs of Z University in the Latest Five Years

作　　者：刘杰[1] 杨洋[1] 李芳平 李金龙[2] LIU Jie;YANG Yang;LI Fangping;LI Jinlong(School of Management,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Graduate School,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学管理学院,合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学研究生院,合肥230026

出　　处：《研究生教育研究》2022年第2期43-51,共9页Journal of Graduate Education

基　　金：安徽省质量工程教育教学改革研究重大项目“基于机器学习方法的博士学位论文质量因素分析”;安徽省质量工程项目教学团队“应用统计教学团队”;中国科学技术大学研究生教育创新计划教学改革研究项目“优秀博士学位论文的特征和相关因素分析”(2021ycjg06);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目青年基金“基于制度变迁理论的全国研究生招生政策量化分析与治理体系研究”(17YJC880053)。

摘　　要：基于Z大学2017—2021年校级优博学位论文评选信息,借助随机森林等机器学习算法提炼优秀博士学位论文的关键特征后发现:工作期间成果、创新水平、独立科研能力与理论基础知识是判断理工科博士学位论文质量的关键要素;高水平学术文章及其他学术成果是影响学位论文能否获评优博的决定性因素;非必要延长学习年限不利于产出优博论文;不同门类或不同学科的博士研究生培养侧重点各有差异。因此,在高水平理工科博士研究生培养中,要高度重视其理论基础及学术能力建设,既应“因材施教”亦应“因门类(学科)施教”,在基本学习年限内注重分类施策,加快提升博士生的学术创新意识与独立科研能力,使其致力于产出高水平学术成果及具有显著贡献的学位论文。After sorting out the key features of excellent doctoral dissertations(EDDs)from the data of EDDs of Z University from 2017 to 2021 with the help of machine learning algorithms including Random Forest,the authors find:research achievements during working time,innovation level,independent research ability,and theoretical basic knowledge are the important elements in judging the quality of doctoral dissertations;high-level academic papers and their academic influence are the decisive factors for being selected as EDDs;the unnecessary extension of schooling is not conducive to the output of EDDs.As the training emphases on the study of PhD students are different across categories and disciplines,the authors suggest that we should highlight the study of theoretical basis and the building of academic ability in the training of high-level PhD students in science and engineering,paying attention not only to the teaching according to their personal ability but also to the requirements of different disciplines(subjects).In addition,we should speed up the enhancement of their innovation consciousness and independent scientific research capability,and categorize them into different groups during the time when they study at university,so as to enable them to concentrate on their work and produce EDDs representing their high-level academic achievements and remarkable contributions.

关 键 词：优秀博士学位论文 高水平科研成果 学术创新水平 独立科研能力 学习年限 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]