基于FTA的扬州文物古建筑雷击易损性风险防御研究  

Research on the Vulnerability of Yangzhou Cultural Relics and Ancient Buildings to Lightning Strikes Based on the Fault Tree Analysis Method

作　　者：徐乐 史东东[2,3] 高攀亮 王成芳[5] 樊余祥 王艳东[6] Xu Le;Shi Dongdong;Gao Panliang;Wang Chengfang;Fan Yuxiang;Wang Yandong(Meteorological Bureau of Yangzhou City,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009,China;School of Electrical and Energy Power Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009,China;Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,Nanjing University o£Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Ningxia Zhongke Tianji Lighting Protection Co,Ltd,Yinchuan 750000,China;Jiangxi Meteorological Bureau,Nanchang 330046,China;Yangzhou Cultural Relics Bureau,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省扬州市气象局,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学电气与能源动力工程学院,江苏扬州225009 [3]南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点开放实验室,南京2100442 [4]宁夏中科天际防雷股份有限公司,银川750000 [5]江西省气象局,南昌330046 [6]江苏省扬州市文物局,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《科技通报》2022年第1期118-122,共5页Bulletin of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2014CB441405);国家自然科学基金(41175003)。

摘　　要：基于文物古建筑的木质特性及其信息系统的脆弱性,雷击成为古建筑起火和信息系统损毁的重要原因,因此急需科学合理的雷击易损风险分析来进行有效防御。本文运用事故树(FTA)分析法,综合考虑扬州市文物古建筑因雷击引发易损事件的相关途径、过程和规律,分析比较雷击易损事故树中最小割集、最小径集、基本事件的概率重要程度。研究表明:扬州地区古建筑雷击易损事故树确立了27个基本事件,其中屋檐脊角埋设金属构件、电源信号线路、木质结构、防雷装置年检维护和人员培训等7个基本事件在结构重要程度分析中最为重要,共计有256种可能导致古建筑雷击易损发生的路径和有效预防雷击损害发生的3条途径,最有效的防御手段是在防雷安全管理制度完备的基础上有针对性完善防雷措施,重点做好接闪器敷设、引下线增设、可靠等电位连接和浪涌保护器安装等工作。该研究为文物古建筑实施全面合理的防雷安全保护策略提供科学参考。Based on the wooden characteristics of cultural relics and the fragility of its own information system, lightning strikes have become an important cause of fires in ancient buildings and damage to information systems. Therefore, scientific and reasonable lightning strike vulnerability risk analysis is urgently needed for effective defense. This paper uses the fault tree(FTA) analysis method to comprehensively consider the relevant ways, processes and laws of the vulnerable events caused by lightning strikes in Yangzhou cultural relics and ancient buildings, and analyzes and compares the minimum cut sets, minimum path sets, and basic events in the lightning vulnerable fault tree. Probability degree of importance. The research shows that the ancient buildings in Yangzhou area has 27 basic events that are vulnerable to lightning strikes. Among them, 7 basic events such as the embedding of metal components at the corners of the eaves, power signal lines, wooden structures, annual inspection and maintenance of lightning protection devices, and personnel training are important in the structure. The degree analysis is the most important. There are a total of 256 paths that may cause the vulnerability of ancient buildings to be damaged by lightning and 3 ways to effectively prevent lightning damage. The most effective defense method is to be targeted on the basis of a complete lightning protection safety management system. Improve lightning protection measures, focusing on the laying of air-termination devices, additional down conductors, reliable equipotential connection, and installation of surge protectors. The research provides a scientific reference for the implementation of comprehensive and reasonable lightning protection safety protection strategies for cultural relics and ancient buildings.

关 键 词：事故树分析法(FTA) 古建筑 雷击 易损风险 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]