N-磷酰化氨基酸的研究进展和试剂化前景展望  

Research Progress and Reagent Prospect of N-Phosphorylated Amino Acids

作　　者：罗建红 赵玉芬 倪锋 LUO Jian-hong;ZHAO Yu-fen;NI Feng(Institute of New Drug Technology,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学新药技术研究院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《化学试剂》2022年第4期485-494,共10页Chemical Reagents

基　　金：宁波大学王宽诚幸福基金资助项目。

摘　　要：磷是生命的重要元素之一,充分参与生命体的组成结构和各种生化反应。蛋白质磷酰化是迄今为止最常见的翻译后修饰。氨基酸是蛋白质的基本结构模块,其化学性质相对稳定。当氨基酸的氨基被磷酰化时,由于邻近羧基的参与,该氨基酸易被活化成为具有多种生化活性的“微型活化酶”。在酸性条件下,N-磷酰化氨基酸的高能P—N键因为N原子容易质子化而变得很不稳定,从而限制了N-磷酰化氨基酸的合成以及作为化学试剂的应用。因此,探索适合于各种N-磷酰化氨基酸的高效合成方法并掌控其化学活性具有潜在的应用价值。综述了N-磷酰化氨基酸的分类、合成方法以及化学性质等内容。同时,也讨论了该领域中亟待解决的问题,并对其前景进行了展望。Phosphorus is one of the important elements of life and is fully involved in the structural components and various biochemical reactions of life.Protein phosphorylation is by far the most common post-translational modification.Amino acids are the basic structural modules of proteins,and their chemical properties are relatively stable.When the amino group of the amino acid is phosphorylated,due to the participation of adjacent carboxyl groups,the amino acid can be easily activated to become a ‘micro-enzyme’ with various biochemical activities.Under acidic condition,the high-energy P—N bond of N-phosphorylated amino acids becomes unstable due to protonation of the N atom,which limits the synthesis of N-phosphorylated amino acids and their application as chemical reagents.Therefore,exploring an efficient synthesis method suitable for various N-phosphorylated amino acids and harnessing their chemical activity have potential value for their applications.In this review,the classification,synthetic methods and chemical properties of N-phosphorylated amino acids were summarized.At the same time,pending problems in this field are also discussed and the prospect is analyzed.

关 键 词：磷 蛋白质磷酰化 氨基酸 N-磷酰化氨基酸 P—N键 

分 类 号：O627.51[理学—有机化学]