红辣椒有机无机肥配施的经济效益与施肥参数研究  

The Fertilization Parameters and Economic Benefits of Combined Application of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers in Red Pepper

作　　者：周景忠 赵瑞凡 ZHOU Jingzhong;ZHAO Ruifan(Tongliao Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Tongliao 028015,China;Kailu County Agricultural and Livestock Product Quality and Safety Center,Kailu 028400,China)

机构地区：[1]通辽市农牧科学研究所,内蒙古通辽028015 [2]开鲁县农畜产品质量安全中心,内蒙古开鲁028400

出　　处：《蔬菜》2022年第4期32-37,共6页Vegetables

摘　　要：为对通辽市红辣椒生产提供合理施肥参数,通过多点分散田间试验方法,设置11个有机无机肥配施处理,以不施肥、只施有机肥、常规施肥处理为对照,对不同处理红辣椒的产量、经济效益和养分吸收量以及土壤、肥料贡献率和氮、磷、钾肥增产率、利用率、施肥效益等指标进行对比分析。结果表明:土壤肥力贡献率为67.85%,化肥贡献率为25.06%~27.82%,有机肥贡献率为4.33%~7.09%_(2)化肥利用率平均值为N 47.51%、P_(2)O_(5)18.69%、K_(2)O 46.98%_(2)土壤养分校正系数为N 0.65、P_(2)O_(5)1.40、K_(2)O 0.73。N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O、有机肥增产率分别为11.07%~32.52%、0.37%~11.81%、8.34%~20.63%、6.38%~7.63%,养分增产量分别为4.50~9.67、0.35~5.56、2.77~8.99、0.01 kg/kg。在通辽市化肥减量增效实践中,有机无机肥配施条件下,肥料对红辣椒产量的影响大小顺序为氮肥>钾肥>磷肥>有机肥_(2)与常规施肥相比较,最佳施肥配比处理(N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)+M)N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O 667 m^(2)施用量(分别为10、7.50、7.50 kg)分别减少35.0、7.5、13.5 kg,产量增加21.97 kg,减肥增效效果较好。In order to provide reasonable fertilization parameters for production of red pepper in Tongliao city,a multi-point dispersion field experiment was conducted which set up 11 treatments of combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers,with no fertilizer,only organic fertilizer and conventional fertilization as the control.The yield,economic benefit,nutrient absorption of red pepper,contribution rate of soil or fertilizers,the increase rate of yield,utilization rate and fertilizer benefits of N,P_(2)O_(5),K_(2)O were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the contribution rate of soil fertility was 67.85%,that of fertilizer was 25.06%-27.82%,and that of organic fertilizer was 4.33%-7.09%.The average fertilizer utilization rate was 47.51% of N,18.69% of P_(2)O_(5)and 46.98% of K_(2)O.The correction coefficients of soil N,P_(2)O_(5),K_(2)O were 0.65,1.40,0.73,respectively.The increase rates of N,P_(2)O5,K_(2)O and organic fertilizer were 11.07%-32.52%,0.37%-11.81%,8.34%-20.63%,6.38%-7.63%,respectively.The yield increased by N,P_(2)O_(5),K_(2)O and organic fertilizer were 4.50-9.67,0.35-5.56,2.77-8.99 and 0.01 kg/kg,respectively.In the practice of fertilizer reducing and efficiency increasing in Tongliao city,the order of the effect of different type fertilizer on the yield of red pepper was nitrogen > potassium > phosphorus > organic fertilizer under the condition of combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers.The application amount per 667 m^(2)of N,P_(2)O_(5),K_(2)O(10,7.50,7.50 kg,respectively) in the optimal fertilization proportion(N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)+M) was 35.0,7.5,13.5 kg which less than that in the conventional fertilization,respectively,and the yield increased by 21.97 kg,the effect of fertilizer reducing and efficiency increasing was better.

关 键 词：红辣椒 有机肥 配方施肥 施肥参数 减肥增效 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]