全球健康治理中的国际组织语言政策——以世界卫生组织为例  

Language Policies of International Organizations in Global Health Governance:A Case Study on WHO

作　　者：赵运 ZHAO Yun(Institute of Linguistics/China Center for Language Planning and Policy Studies,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 201602,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学语言研究院/中国外语战略研究中心,上海市201620

出　　处：《外语电化教学》2021年第6期38-44,6,共8页Technology Enhanced Foreign Language Education

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“世界语言政策综合资源库建设及比较研究”(项目编号:15JZD047);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“新时代国家语言文字事业的新使命与发展方略研究”(项目编号:18JZD015);高等学校学科创新引智计划(111工程)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：国际组织在全球治理过程中发挥的作用日益显著,其语言政策也对国际社会的交流与语言应用影响深远。其中,医疗卫生是关系国计民生的重要领域,世界卫生组织(WHO)近两年来更成为全球抗疫的核心协调机构。文章选取世界卫生组织作为研究对象,从社会学结构功能主义视角出发,阐释世卫组织开展语言工作的社会动力,分析世卫组织语言政策的内容和形态以及语言政策在实现组织目标和愿景过程中所发挥的作用,并进一步提炼国际组织语言政策的普遍性特征。International organizations are playing an increasingly prominent role in the process of global governance,and their language policies have a profound impact on communication and language use in the international community.Health care is an important area of international livelihood,As the largest and most authoritative international organization in the field of health,WHO has developed a two-tier parallel language policy for different targets in global health governance to meet the language needs of different groups and to provide health-related knowledge,advice and assistance.WHO’s language policy is embodied in three major aspects:Firstly,WHO respects the important role of cultural diversity and multilingualism in improving global health policy and therefore adopts a multilingual official language policy.Secondly,using languages other than the official languages.The WHO Constitution states that the provision of reliable information on human health is one of the basic tasks of the organization.WHO recognizes that the six official languages have a very limited reach and that there are large numbers of people in the world who speak other languages,and that the official languages alone are far from adequate to meet the health information needs of the international community,especially those of less developed countries and regions.Therefore,in the specific work,WHO uses more languages.Thirdly,developing standards for language norms in health care.On the one hand,as the guiding and regulating body of international health work,one of WHO’s functions is proposing international health-related conventions and regulations,developing and revising public health-related terminology,and establishing relevant standards.On the other hand,WHO also recognizes that health issues are not only about medical technology and health standards,but also about social issues.Language has a role in transmitting ideas and values,and therefore language use needs to be regulated to avoid unnecessary social conflicts.Structural-functionalis

关 键 词：国际组织 世卫组织 健康治理 语言政策 语言标准 

分 类 号：H319.3[语言文字—英语]