数字人文发展中的法律术语英译规范与策略  

On English Translation of Legal Terms:Translation Norms and Strategies in the Development of Digital Humanity

作　　者：吴苌弘[1] WU Changhong(School of Languages,and Cultures,Shanghai University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201701,China)

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院语言文化学院,上海市201701

出　　处：《外语电化教学》2021年第6期81-86,13,共7页Technology Enhanced Foreign Language Education

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年基金项目“中国近代法学本土化与翻译的关联性研究”(项目编号:17YJC740093);中国外语教育基金项目“翻译规范意识培养为导向的翻译专业课堂教学研究”(项目编号:ZGWYJYJJ10Z029);上海政法学院校级课题“基于规范理论的法律翻译标准研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：法律术语的翻译问题由来已久,客观原因是由于国家之间存在政治制度、文化以及法律体系上的差异,法律概念在分类及表达上有诸多不同,因此法律术语译名标准化一直以来都是学者、译者反复强调的问题,而这一问题的长期存在本身也说明了标准化的难度。数字时代的翻译需要依赖数据库及数据样本,但数据需要谨慎且理性地加以对待。因此,本文从规范性理据出发,通过分析术语翻译中出现的问题,强调术语翻译中规范的重要意义,尝试在立法文本的翻译实践中,探寻既要相对准确,又要为目标语系统接受的术语翻译策略。This paper analyzes the problems in the translation practice of legislative texts,with emphasis on the English translation of legal terms.It tries to explore the translation norms and strategies relatively accurate and acceptable to the target language system from the normative motivation.The difficulty of translating legal terms is derived from differences in the classification and expression of legal concepts caused by the diversification of political systems,cultures as well as legal systems in the world.Besides,there is no perfect equivalence on most legal terms,and how to make target readers completely understand a legislative text is an important issue for translators.Therefore,hard as it is,the need for standardization of legal terms has been repeatedly emphasized by translators and scholars.However,the long-term existence of this problem itself also shows the difficulty in standardization.Moreover,inseparable from database and technology,translations in the digital age need to be produced with rationality,as any corresponding term in the corpus may not be standard.This paper presents three situations that translators may encounter in the English translation of legal terms.In the first context,whether to follow the terms existing in the civil law system is the translator’s choice.The second is the selection of the translation method for terms with Chinese characteristics when there is no unified standard on terms.The third situation occurs when existing English terms are inconsistent with the connotations of the Chinese original text.With a focus on the above three situations,this paper then analyzes the English translation of terms in the civil code from the perspective of target readers based on expectancy norms.Expectancy norms lead evaluative judgment on translation to provide the translator with more reasonable solutions or strategies.Accordingly,it is believed that the translator,to avoid any potential confusion,shall follow the expressions in the civil law system other than creating new terms when

关 键 词：法律术语翻译 译名标准化 规范性理据 

分 类 号：H319.3[语言文字—英语]