铁路山岭隧道钻爆法关键技术发展及展望  

Development and Prospect of Key Technology of Drilling and Blasting for Railway Mountain Tunnels

作　　者：马伟斌 MA Weibin(Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道学报》2022年第3期64-85,共22页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1934218);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(P2019G038);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2020YJ050)。

摘　　要：我国利用钻爆法修建了世界上数量最多、总里程最长的隧道,梳理钻爆法技术发展现状及发展趋势,对形成适用于我国国情的隧道建造技术体系具有重要意义。回顾了钻爆法基本理论和方法的发展历程,阐述了新奥法、新意法及挪威法的核心理念,系统总结了我国山岭隧道主要设计、施工方法。按照隧道施工作业工序分析了近十年钻爆法的关键技术在工程中的应用,以及我国隧道钻爆法施工机械化装备的技术概况。总结了我国山岭隧道钻爆法发展面临的问题及挑战,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。China has built the world’s largest number of tunnels with the longest total length with drilling and blasting.Analyzing the present status of drilling and blasting technology will have great significance for the development of this technology as well as the formation of the tunnel construction technology system applicable to the conditions of China.Having reviewed the development course of the basic theory and method of drilling and blasting,this paper expounded the core concepts of the NATM,ADECO-RS and NMT,and systematically summarized the main design and construction methods of mountain tunnels in China.According to the working procedure of tunnel construction,an analysis was made on the application of key construction technologies of drilling and blasting method in engineering in the last decade,as well as the technical situation of mechanical equipment in tunnel construction in China.Finally,the problems and challenges faced by the development of drilling and blasting in China were summarized,followed by a discussion on the development trend in the future.

关 键 词：铁路 隧道 钻爆法 基本理论 设计方法 施工关键技术 

分 类 号：U455.41[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]