反刍动物饲料酶制剂作用模式及其技术体系的建立  

The Functional Mechanism and Technical System Establishment of Exogenous Enzymes Preparation for Ruminant Feed

作　　者：冯定远[1] FENG Dingyuan(South ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangdong Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学,广东广州510642

出　　处：《饲料工业》2022年第7期1-8,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金[39970551、30371044、30671529、30972114]。

摘　　要：反刍动物瘤胃发酵与合成特性和饲料原料的复杂性,决定了外源酶制剂在反刍动物日粮中使用与一般单胃动物有根本差别,有必要建立反刍动物特异的饲料酶制剂技术体系,这是源于反刍动物酶制剂作用模式的特殊性,它包括外源酶对体内酶特别是瘤胃微生物酶的补充而降低高生产水平时瘤胃功能的压力、外源酶作用日粮成分产生原位益生元维持瘤胃微生态、多种形态酶制剂的集合解决复杂饲料原料消化、大体积粗饲料酶消化预处理结合精饲料酶制剂添加、过瘤胃技术让部分酶制剂在瘤胃后段肠道发挥功效等作用模式。反刍动物酶制剂技术体系包括4个解决方案:“集合酶技术”“酶菌同构技术”“粗料酶预处理与精料添加酶结合技术”“过瘤胃酶制剂技术”等,根据饲料原料和日粮特性、动物种类、生理状况、生产水平和环境条件等,技术体系方案可单独运用,或组合实施,在高产反刍动物特别是高产奶牛产奶前期有明显的应用价值。Ruminant diet digestible characteristic and nutrient utilization are feed different from those of the non-ruminant.It’s based on the rumen,a natural fermentation tank which can digest and degrade nu⁃trient and anti-nutrition factor.The exogenous enzymes application objective can be summarized as fol⁃lows:supplementary digestion for rumen microorganism;producing prebiotics to bacteria;complex,combi⁃nation or formulated enzymes application to digest complicated feed raw material;pretreatment of rough⁃age and direct additive for concentrate of the rumi⁃nant ration;by-pass rumen technique of enzymes.The ruminant feed enzymes technical systems in⁃clude four aspects:①"aggregate enzymes tech⁃nique"of different complex,combination or formu⁃lated enzymes;②"beneficial rumen microflora’s exogenous enzymes technique"with maintenance rumen micro-ecology;③"roughage pretreatment enzyme plus concentrate additive enzymes technique";④"by-pass rumen enzymes technique".In the application of feed enzymes on ruminant,the techniques under the ruminant feed enzymes technical systems can be used individually or in commination.It has the beneficial potentials for ruminant,particular for early lactating cow.

关 键 词：反刍动物 外源酶制剂 酶作用模式 技术体系 瘤胃 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]