塞缪尔·理查逊《亲朋往来信札集》的道德主题和英国新教决疑论  

The Moral Theme of Samuel Richardson’s Letters Written to and for Particular Friends and English Protestant Casuistry

作　　者：方芳 苏欲晓[2] FANG Fang;SU Yuxiao

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院 [2]厦门大学外文学院

出　　处：《广东外语外贸大学学报》2022年第3期35-44,158,共11页Journal of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

摘　　要：本文研究国内批评界鲜有涉及的塞缪尔·理查逊早期书信集《亲朋往来信札集》与英国新教决疑论(casuistry)之间的关系。对理查逊早期几组书信的分析可以看出,决疑论在促进《信札集》实现其最关键的道德目的方面具有不容忽视的作用,具体体现在书信集所讨论的话题、呈现的形式和运用的原则三方面。话题上,决疑论为书信集贡献了诸如打官司、父母在子女婚姻中的权威等道德话题;形式上,决疑论分析道德问题的方法在书信集的形式层面有所体现,影响了书信集的叙事风格、人物类型和不同话题的组织原则,便于实现书信集作为道德指南的功能;运用原则上,决疑论强调将道德原则运用到具体案例中,这一模式帮助书信集在道德理想和道德体验之间构建桥梁。This paper studies the influence of English Protestant casuistry on Samuel Richardson’s early work Letters Written to and for Particular Friends,a work rarely discussed by Chinese scholars. This paper finds that casuistry plays an indispensable role in the realization of the moral purpose mainly in three aspects,i. e.,the subjects of moral import discussed in the letters,the forms with moral functions the letters take as their expression,and the rule of applying moral principles to moral practice. Cases of conscience,such as whether a man may defend himself by law and to what extent parents’ authority is in their children’s marriage choice,become the subject matters of this work;the casuistical way of thinking is manifested formally in the narrative style,character type,and organizing principle of the letters,thus facilitating its function as a moral handbook;the casuistical way of applying moral principles to particular cases bridges the gap between the moral ideal established and the moral experience described in the letters.

关 键 词：塞缪尔·理查逊 《信札集》 决疑论 良心个案 道德主题 

分 类 号：I561.094[文学—其他各国文学]