玄武岩CO_(2)地质封存研究进展  

Research progress of CO_(2) geological sequestration in basalts

作　　者：李万伦[1] 陈晶[1] 贾凌霄[1] 马冰[1] 陈扬 孙君一 LI Wanlun;CHEN Jing;JIA Lingxiao;MA Bing;CHEN Yang;SUN Junyi(Geological Literature Center of China Geological Survey,Beijing,100083)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局地学文献中心,北京100083

出　　处：《地质论评》2022年第2期648-657,共10页Geological Review

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“碳中和与碳管理地质数据汇聚与应用”(No.DD20221822);中国地质调查项目“地学文献信息更新与服务”(编号:DD20190413)的成果。

摘　　要：玄武岩CO_(2)地质封存相比于常规的封存技术(如驱油驱气注入封存和深部咸水层封存),具有能促进快速碳矿化、封存效果长久且安全及封存容量巨大等明显优点。目前玄武岩CO_(2)封存理论方面的研究已经取得了大量进展:①对常见主要成岩矿物的封存能力进行了排序;②进一步了解玄武岩的矿物成分、玄武岩层内孔隙分布特征及其形成机理;③完善了对玄武岩CO_(2)封存机理、反应速率及影响因素等方面的认识;④查明了玄武岩在地球上的分布并评估了各种典型玄武岩的封存潜力;⑤发现适合于CO_(2)封存的场地主要包括大陆溢流型玄武岩、洋底高原玄武岩和洋中脊玄武岩等三种类型,并对目标储层选择提出了初步评价标准。本文在综述玄武岩固碳机理、玄武岩CO_(2)地质封存潜力及封存场地与目标储层选择的基础上,介绍了世界上已有的三个玄武岩CO_(2)地质封存工程示范项目:冰岛Carbfix、美国Wallula和日本Nagaoka,探讨了玄武岩CO_(2)地质封存存在的若干问题:①反应速率受多种因素影响,对最终封存效果起着决定性作用;②堵塞或压裂和保护层会影响注入封存的稳定性或可持续性;③封存潜力评价方法和结果不同;④封存场地选址和储层选择缺乏统一标准与规范;⑤Carbfix方法的使用受限。Compared with conventional storage technologies(CO_(2) Enhanced Oil Recovery or CO_(2)-EOR,deep saline reservoir,etc.),the geological storage of CO_(2) in basalts has obvious advantages such as rapid CO_(2) mineralization,permanent and safe storage and with huge storage capacity.At present,a great deal of progress has been made about theoritical research on CO_(2) sequestration in basalts:①sorting the sequestration capacity of common main rock-forming minerals;②making a full understanding about the mineral composition of basalts,pore distribution characteristics in basaltic rock layer as well as its formation mechanism;③improving the understanding of CO_(2) sequestration mechanism in basalts,reaction rates and the related influencing factors;④finding out the distribution of ideal basalts available for storage on the Earth and evaluating the sequestration potential of various typical basalts;and⑤It is found that the sites suitable for CO_(2) sequestration mainly include three types:continental flood basalts,oceanic igneous plateau basalts and mid-ocean ridge basalts,and preliminary evaluation criteria for target reservoir selection are also put forward.After summarizing the CO_(2) sequestration mechanism of basalts,the potential of CO_(2) geological storage of basalts and the selection methods of storage sites and target reservoirs,this paper introduces three existing engineering demonstration projects of CO_(2) geological storage of basalts in the world:Carbfix in Iceland,Wallula in the United States and Nagaoka in Japan,and discusses existing problems about CO_(2) geological storage of basalts:①the reaction rate is affected by many factors,which plays a decisive role in the final sealing effect;②plugging or fracturing and protective layer formed during injecting will affect the stability or sustainability of injection and storage;③different people used varied methods to evaluate sealing potential and obtained different results;④the selection of both sealing sites and reservoir still lack common

关 键 词：玄武岩 二氧化碳 封存机理 反应速率 封存场地 目标储层 封存方法 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P588.145[天文地球—岩石学]