镉胁迫下不同小麦品种对镉的积累特性  

Cadmium Accumulation Characteristics of Different Heat Varieties Under Cadmium Stress

作　　者：任超 任彧仲 王浩 朱利文 李竞天 杜倩倩 李萍 REN Chao;REN Yu-zhong;WANG Hao;ZHU Li-wen;LI Jing-tian;DU Qian-qian;LI Ping(No.1 Institute of Geological and Mineral Resources Survey,Henan Bureau of Geoexploration and Mineral Development,Luoyang 471000,China;Key Laboratory of Au-Ag-Polymetallic Deposit Series and Deep-seated Metallogenic Prognosis of Henan Province,Luoyang 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质矿产调查院,洛阳471000 [2]河南省金银多金属成矿系列与深部预测重点实验室,洛阳471000

出　　处：《环境科学》2022年第3期1606-1619,共14页Environmental Science

基　　金：中央土壤污染防治专项(2110402-农村环境保护)。

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验筛选籽粒Cd低积累型小麦品种,为重金属污染耕地安全利用提供技术支撑.试验研究了119个小麦品种植株各部位分别在1.5 mg·kg^(-1)(低含量)和4.0 mg·kg^(-1)(高含量)Cd污染土壤条件下对Cd的富集和转运特性,并探讨了小麦不同器官Cd含量的相关性和土壤Cd含量与小麦吸收Cd的关系.结果表明:(1)供试小麦品种根、茎、叶和籽粒积累和转运Cd的能力存在显著差异(P<0.05).在Cd低含量条件下小麦植株各部位富集Cd能力为:叶>茎≈根>籽粒,在高含量胁迫条件下小麦植株各部位富集Cd能力为:叶>根>茎>籽粒,不同含量条件下小麦植株各部位转运Cd能力均为:叶>茎>籽粒.小麦地上部Cd含量与土壤Cd全量和离子交换态Cd含量均呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),且与盆栽试验条件下较强的蒸腾作用密切相关.(2)小麦根、茎、叶和籽粒BCF_(Cd)与对应土壤Cd含量相关系数r为-0.267~-0.645,呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),表明随着土壤Cd含量的增高,小麦植株各器官对Cd的迁移积累程度呈下降趋势,且茎部BCF_(Cd)与土壤Cd含量的负相关性明显高于根、叶和籽粒,说明小麦植株对Cd的富集很大程度上取决于茎部的积累和运输.(3)低含量组和高含量组小麦根与茎、根与叶、根与籽粒、茎与叶、茎与籽粒和叶与籽粒Cd含量相关系数r为0.450~0.763,呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),表明小麦各器官之间存在密切的转运关系,且根向茎和茎向叶转运的程度高于茎向籽粒和叶向籽粒的转运程度.(4)采用聚类分析与富集和转运系数排序对照优选法,在土壤ω(Cd)1.5 mg·kg^(-1)和4.0 mg·kg^(-1)条件下,分别筛选出16个和11个Cd低积累小麦品种,其中洛旱7号可作为低中高含量下Cd低积累优选小麦品种.In order to provide technical support for the safe utilization of heavy metal-polluted farmland,we screened wheat varieties with a low accumulation of Cd in grain via a pot experiment.For this purpose,we respectively investigated the enrichment and transport characteristics of Cd in various plant parts of 119 wheat varieties under the conditions of 1.5 mg·kg^(-1)(low content)and 4.0 mg·kg^(-1)(high content)Cd-contaminated soil and explored the correlation between the Cd content of different organs of wheat and the relationship between Cd content in soil and the uptake of Cd by wheat.The results showed that:(1)there were significant differences in the ability to accumulate and transport Cd in roots,stems,leaves,and grains of tested wheat varieties(P<0.05).Under the condition of low Cd content,the Cd enrichment ability of each part of the wheat plant was as follows:leaf>stem≈root>grain;under high-content stress conditions,the Cd enrichment ability of each part of the wheat plant was:leaf>root>stem>grain;under different content conditions,the Cd transport ability of each part of the wheat plant was:leaf>stem>grain.Cd content in the wheat shoot was positively correlated with total Cd content and ion-exchangeable Cd content in soil(P<0.01)and was closely related to strong transpiration under the pot experiment.(2)The correlation coefficient r of BCF_(Cd) of wheat roots,stems,leaves,and grain was-0.267 to-0.645,showing a very significant negative correlation(P<0.01),indicating that with the increase in soil Cd content,the migration and accumulation degree of Cd in wheat plant organs showed a downward trend.Moreover,the negative correlation between BCF_(Cd) and soil Cd content in stems was significantly higher than that in roots,leaves,and grains,indicating that the enrichment of Cd in wheat plants largely depended on the accumulation and transportation of stems.(3)The correlation coefficient r of Cd content between the root and stem,root and leaf,root and grain,stem and leaf,stem and grain,and leaf and grain in low

关 键 词：土壤镉污染 小麦 镉胁迫 低积累 富集 转运 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53