基于非冗余四阶累积量的变电站声源定向方法  

Acoustic Source Location Method for Substation Based on Non-redundant Fourth-order Cumulant

作　　者：张瑶 罗林根[1] 陈敬德 盛戈皞[1] 江秀臣[1] ZHANG Yao;LUO Lingen;CHEN Jingde;SHENG Gehao;JIANG Xiuchen(Department of Electrical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Qingpu Power Supply Company,State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company,Shanghai 200437,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学电气工程系,上海200240 [2]国网上海市电力公司青浦供电公司,上海200437

出　　处：《高电压技术》2022年第1期75-83,共9页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1709701)。

摘　　要：基于声传感器阵列的变电站设备异常声源定位技术的性能不仅与处理算法有关,还取决于传感器的阵列模型,用增加传感器数目的方法提高估计性能的同时往往会导致成本的增加。为此提出了一种基于均匀平面阵的非冗余四阶累积量阵列虚拟扩展方法,该方法可以在不改变硬件设计的情况下提高阵列的性能。与低阶累积量相比,高阶累积量通过阵列的虚拟扩展增加了传感器数量,提高了定位估计性能和可分辨信源数目。此外,由于高阶累积量只包含非高斯分量的信息,因此扩展后的阵列具有更好的抗高斯噪声性能。为此还通过对累积量矩阵的去冗余降维处理,降低算法复杂度,提升定位方法的实时性能。仿真和现场测试结果表明,该方法可以实现比真实传感器阵元数目多的声源信号的定位估计,在低信噪比时定位精度得到明显提升,提高了定位方法的分辨率,且可有效减少算法的运算量。The performance of abnormal acoustic source location technology based on acoustic sensor array is not only related to the processing algorithm,but also dependent on the sensor array model.Increasing the number of sensors to improve the estimation performance often leads to the increase of cost.In this paper,an array virtual expansion method based on the non-redundant fourth-order cumulant of a uniform planar array is proposed.This method can be adopted to improve the performance of the array without changing the hardware design.Compared with the low-order cumulants,the high-order cumulants can increase the number of sensors and the number of distinguishable sources by extending the array virtually,and can improve the location estimation performance.In addition,since the high-order cumulants only contain the information of non-Gaussian components,the expanded array shows better anti-Gaussian-noise performance.Moreover,the complexity of the algorithm is reduced and the real-time performance of the localization method is improved by removing the redundancy and dimension reduction of the cumulant matrix.The simulation and field test results show that the proposed method can be adopted to locate more acoustic source signals than the number of real sensors.The localization accuracy is significantly improved when the signal-to-noise ratio is low,the resolution of the localization method is also improved,and the calculation amount of the algorithm can be effectively reduced.

关 键 词：变电站 声源定位 阵列扩展 四阶累积量 非冗余 

分 类 号：TM63[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]