不同物种端粒结合蛋白和端粒酶的研究进展  

Research progress of telomere-binding protein and telomerase in different species

作　　者：石桂英 黄艺滢 雷雪裴 李欣悦 白琳 SHI Guiying;HUANG Yiying;LEI Xuepei;LI Xinyue;BAI Lin(Institute of Laboratory Key Laboratory of Human Disease Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS),Comparative Medicine Center,Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine,National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Key Laboratory of Human Disease Models,State Administration of Traditional Chineses Medicine,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院医学实验动物研究所,北京协和医学院比较医学中心,国家卫生健康委员会人类疾病比较医学重点实验室,国家中医药管理局人类疾病动物模型三级实验室,北京100021

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2022年第3期136-142,共7页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3332020051);国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0105200);北京自然基金面上项目(5202024)。

摘　　要：端粒位于真核生物染色体末端,在复制过程中保护染色体的完整性。端粒随着细胞的有丝分裂而缩短,端粒酶在胚胎干细胞等细胞中起到了延长端粒的作用。端粒结合蛋白包括shelterin复合体和CST复合体,端粒酶以自身RNA组分为模板逆转录合成端粒,端粒结合蛋白和端粒酶在保持端粒长度和稳定中都有重要作用。尽管不同物种中端粒序列类似,但是端粒及端粒酶在生理和/或病理状态下的功能却不尽相关。本文对不同物种的端粒结合蛋白和端粒酶的组成、功能等进行综述,以深入了解端粒生物学功能,为端粒功能障碍相关疾病的治疗提供科学基础。Telomeres are at the ends of eukaryotes chromosomes, protect chromosomes integrity in replication. Telomeres shorten with mitosis, telomerase prolong telomeres in cells, such as embryonic stem cell. There are two protein complexes binding on telomeres: shelterin complex and CST complex. Telomerase synthesize telomeres use its RNA components. Both the telomere binding proteins and the telomerase play great role in maintaining telomere length and stability. Although telomere sequences are similar in different species, telomere and telomerase functions are not related in physiological and/or pathological conditions. Here we review the composition and function of telomere binding protein and telomerase, to understand the biological function of telomere and provide scientific basis for the treatment of telomere dysfunction.

关 键 词：端粒 SHELTERIN CST 端粒酶 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]