跨声速风洞试验模型主动减振结构优化设计  

Optimization of active vibration damping structure for transonic wind tunnel test model

作　　者：曾开春[1] 寇西平[1,2] 杨兴华 余立[1] 查俊[1] ZENG Kaichun;KOU Xiping;YANG Xinghua;YU Li;ZHA Jun(High-speed Aerodynamic Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China;School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所,绵阳621000 [2]西北工业大学航空学院,西安710072

出　　处：《航空学报》2022年第2期297-308,共12页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

摘　　要：针对跨声速风洞试验模型支撑结构,采用压电作动器嵌入支杆,形成一体化主动减振系统来抑制模型在风洞试验过程中的振动。分析了模型支撑结构在风洞试验过程中的振动特性和主动减振系统的控制原理,建立了压电作动器/风洞模型支撑结构相互耦合的动力学模型。在此基础上,采用模态可控性理论及模态价值理论,给出了主动减振结构控制能力的定量描述方法,构建了能够表征系统各受控模态可控性的优化设计目标函数。最后,针对一个简化的风洞试验模型主动减振结构,建立了动力学解析模型,给出了优化设计问题的数学表达和约束指标,并采用遗传算法进行了优化设计研究。结果表明,采用本文给出的方法对主动减振结构进行优化设计,可以在满足约束指标要求前提下,显著提高压电作动器对系统各受控模态的可控性,进而提高系统的减振控制效果。To solve the vibration problem of the model support system in high-speed wind tunnel tests,we embed piezoelectric stack actuators into the sting to form an integrated active vibration damping structure.The vibration characteristics of the support system during wind tunnel tests and the vibration control mechanism of the active vibration damping system are studied,and the coupled dynamic model of the model support system structure with piezoelectric stack actuators established.Utilizing the modal controllability theory and the modal cost theory,we present the quantitative description method for the control ability of the active vibration damping structure,and construct the optimization design objective function,which can reflect the controllability of the main controlled modes of the system.To improve the control ability of the active vibration damping structure for an idealized model support system,we conduct optimization design using genetic algorithm,with analytical dynamic equations derived and the mathematical expression of the optimization problem and the constraint conditions given.The results show that the optimization design method proposed in this paper can significantly improve the controllability of the active vibration damping structure on the premise of meeting the constraint requirements.

关 键 词：风洞试验 模型振动 压电作动器 结构优化 主动振动控制 

分 类 号：V211.74[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]