模拟增温和CO_(2)浓度升高对西藏‘冬青18’生长发育及产量的影响  

Effects of simulated atmospheric warming and elevated CO_(2) concentration on the growth and yield of barley variety ‘Dongqing 18’

作　　者：次仁央金 卓嘎[2] 刘国一[3] 陈阜 TSERING Yangjin;ZHUO Ga;LIU Guoyi;CHEN Fu(College of Agronomy,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College,Nyingchi 860000,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Academy of Sciences Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学院,北京100193 [2]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000 [3]西藏自治区农牧科学院农业资源与环境研究所,拉萨850000

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2022年第4期53-60,共8页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：西藏自治区科技厅重点科技计划(2015ZD-15-36)。

摘　　要：为明确西藏冬青稞生长发育及产量对增温和CO_(2)浓度升高的实际响应,以西藏冬青稞主栽品种‘冬青18’为试验材料,设置开放式气室(OTC)内无增温且无增施CO_(2)为对照(CK)、增温(T)和增温+增施CO_(2)(T+CO_(2))3个处理,经连续2个生长季全生育期增温控制试验,观察记录冬青稞生育时期、旗叶叶绿素含量和产量及其构成因素。结果表明:1)T和T+CO_(2)处理使‘冬青18’全生育期显著缩短,缩短12~20d,主要集中于播种-出苗期和抽穗-成熟期。2)灌浆期旗叶叶绿素含量总体呈先增加后降低趋势,各处理之间无显著差异。3)T处理降低‘冬青18’产量,同时增加CO_(2)有弥补产量的效果,主要是因为T处理的主穗粒数、穗粒重及千粒重均降低,增温同时增加CO_(2)使千粒重和穗粒数有所增加。因此,全球气候变暖对于冬青稞生长整体表现为穗粒数、粒重和千粒重均降低等减产效应,而增加CO_(2)可在一定程度上缓解减产趋势,未来该地区冬青稞生产栽培可通过调整播期及筛选耐高温品种来应对全球气候变暖。In order to investigate the effects of elevated temperature and CO_(2) concentration on Tibet highland barley growth and yield,this study took cultivation variety’Dongqing 18’as test material.Three different treatments were set up as follows:Field environment(CK),elevated temperature(T)and elevated temperature and CO_(2)(T+CO_(2)).This study recorded the growth period,chlorophyl content of flag leaf,yield and its components under two consecutive growing seasons in the Open-Top Chamber(OTC)control test.The results showed that:The whole growth period of ’Dongqing 18’ was significantly shortened by 12-20 dcompared with CK,mainly concentrated in seeding-seedling period and heading-maturity period.The total chlorophyl of flag leaves increased firstly and then decreased during the grain-filling stage,and there was no significant difference among different treatments.The yield of ’Dongqing 18’ was significant decreased under the temperature increase condition due to the significant decreasing in spike kernel number,spike kernel weight and 1 000 kernel mass.Compared to the T treatment,the yield increased with the increase of CO_(2) concentration.Therefore,the global warming has a negative effect on the highland barley.The increasing of CO_(2) concentration can alleviate the trend of production reduction to a certain content.Adjustment of sowing data and selection of high temperature resistant variety could benefit the highland barley development in Tibet under global warming.

关 键 词：增温 青稞 气候变化 开顶式气室 西藏 

分 类 号：S162.5[农业科学—农业气象学] F326.11[农业科学—农业基础科学]