外泌体miRNA作为肿瘤微环境调节剂的研究进展  

Research progress in exosomal miRNA as tumor microenvironment regulators

作　　者：鲍永接 朱露颖[1] 李勇[1] BAO Yongjie;ZHU Luying;LI Yong(No.2 Maxillofacial Surgery Department,Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属口腔医院颌面外二科,重庆401147

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2022年第11期192-195,共4页Clinical Research and Practice

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(No.cstc2019jscx-msxmX0173)。

摘　　要：在癌症的发展过程中,外泌体常常发挥着重要的作用。肿瘤微环境中,各类细胞均能够释放外泌体,并通过其中生物活性分子的传递来调节肿瘤微环境。外泌体中的微小RNA(miRNA)通过细胞对外泌体的摄取而发挥各种作用,如影响肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞,调节癌细胞的增殖及凋亡,通过控制上皮-间质转化过程和血管生成在肿瘤转移中发挥调节作用,通过调控细胞信号传导途径改变癌细胞对化疗药物的敏感性,作为肿瘤诊断及预后判定的生物标志物等。近年来,关于外泌体miRNA作为肿瘤标志物及肿瘤治疗潜在靶点的研究不断增多。本文对外泌体miRNA在肿瘤发生发展中作用的相关研究进行综述,旨在讨论外泌体miRNA作为潜在治疗靶点的临床意义。In the development of cancer,exosomes often play an important role.In the tumor microenvironment,various types of cells can release exosomes to regulate the tumor microenvironment through the delivery of biologically active molecules.The miRNA in exosomes exerts various functions through the uptake of exosomes by cells,such as the impact on immune cells in the tumor microenvironment,the regulation of the proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells,the regulation of tumor metastasis by controlling the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and angiogenesis,changing the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs by regulating cell signal transduction pathway and being used as a biomarker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis judgement.In recent years,there have been increasing studies on exosomal miRNA as tumor markers and potential targets for tumor therapy.This paper reviews the relevant studies on the role of exosomal miRNA in tumorigenesis and development,and discussed the clinical significance of exosomal miRNA as a potential therapeutic target.

关 键 词：外泌体 MIRNA 肿瘤微环境 

分 类 号：R737.9[医药卫生—肿瘤]