职业卫生健康教育在工人控制职业病中的应用价值  

Application Value of Occupational Health Education in Workers’Control of Occupational Diseases

作　　者：郭春丽[1] 刘海洪[1] GUO Chunli;LIU Haihong(Institute of Occupational Disease Control and Prevention,Luoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Luoyang Henan 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳市疾病预防控制中心职业病预防控制所,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《临床研究》2022年第1期195-198,共4页Clinical Research

摘　　要：目的分析对职业病病患开展职业卫生健康教育的作用。方法选择本中心随访管理的140例尘肺病患为研究主体,2019年1月研究开始,并于2020年12月完成。依据随机抽签法将所有病患划分成(70例)的常规组以及(70例)的试验组,予以常规组病患常规指导,予以试验组病患职业卫生健康教育。对比每组病患教育前以及教育三个月后第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1占预计值百分比(FEV1%)、FEV1与用力肺活量(FVC)比值;Borg得分;疾病知晓率;治疗依从性。结果教育前两组病患FEV1、FEV1%以及FEV1/FVC水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。教育三个月后试验组病患FEV1、FEV1%以及FEV1/FVC水平均高于常规组,并且同组组内教育三个月后FEV1、FEV1%以及FEV1/FVC水平均高于教育前(P<0.05)。教育前两组病患Borg得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);教育三个月后试验组病患Borg得分低于常规组,并且同组组内教育三个月后Borg得分均低于教育前(P<0.05)。试验组与常规组病患疾病知晓率依次是97.14%、85.71%(P<0.05)。试验组与常规组病患呼吸功能训练依从性分别是88.57%、75.71%,用药依从性分别是94.29%、81.43%,氧疗依从性分别是91.43%、77.14%,良好生活方式依从性分别是92.86%、81.43%(P<0.05)。结论对尘肺病病患开展职业卫生健康教育,能够提升其肺功能,改善呼吸困难症状,提高疾病知晓率以及依从性,发挥一定干预作用。Objective To objective to analyze the effect of occupational health education on patients with occupational diseases.Methods A total of 140 patients with pneumoconiosis who were managed by our center were selected as subjects.The study began in January 2019 and was completed in December 2020.All patients were divided into the routine group(70 cases)and the experimental group(70 cases)according to the method of random drawing lots.The forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),FEV1 as a percentage of the predicted value(FEV1%),the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity(FVC),the scores of Borg and the awareness rate of disease were compared before and after three months of education therapeutic compliance.Results There were no significant differences in FEV1,FEV1% and FEV1/FVC between the two groups before education(P>0.05).FEV1,FEV1% and FEV1/FVC in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group after three months of education,and FEV1,FEV1% and FEV1/FVC were higher than those in the control group after three months of Education(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Borg score between the two groups before education(P>0.05),and the Borg score in the experimental group after three months education was lower than that in the conventional group,and the Borg score in the same group after three months education was lower than that before education(P<0.05).The disease awareness rates of the experimental group and the routine group were 97.14% and 85.71%respectively(P<0.05).The compliance of respiratory function training was 88.57%,75.71%,the compliance of medication was 94.29%,81.43%,the compliance of oxygen therapy was 91.43% and 77.14%,respectively,the compliance of good lifestyle was 92.86% and 81.43%(P<0.05).Conclusion Occupational health education for pneumoconiosis patients can improve pulmonary function,dyspnea symptoms,awareness of disease and compliance,and play an intervention role.

关 键 词：职业病 健康教育 职业卫生 尘肺 呼吸功能 健康行为 氧疗 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学]