复杂曲面多特征点匹配的喷油嘴定位技术  

Nozzle Location Technology for Multifeature Point Matching of Complex Surfaces

作　　者：梁晨涛 吴平 赵卫[1] 赵华龙[1] 奚秀锋 Liang Chentao;Wu Ping;Zhao Wei;Zhao Hualong;Xi Xiufeng(Photon Manufacturing System and Application Research Center,Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710119,China;Xi’an Micromach Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所光子制造系统与应用研究中心,陕西西安710119 [2]西安中科微精光子制造科技有限公司,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2022年第5期171-177,共7页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1108000)。

摘　　要：汽车喷油嘴的喷油孔加工一般使用工装夹具进行定位并建立坐标系,工装夹具制造精度和安装误差会导致孔径、孔形以及孔的位置与理论值有较大的偏差,从而影响喷油嘴工作的可靠性,这对柴油机的整体性能、排放指标的稳定性甚至柴油机工作的可靠性产生严重影响。基于此,提出了一种基于多特征点匹配算法的高精度自适应定位技术。通过在真实的燃油喷嘴上测量若干(最少6个)特征点的空间位置,以模型中给出的特征点测量数据为基础,计算实际工件与理论模型在机床坐标系下的精确定位参数,以此计算工件上所有待加工孔的机床参数。实验结果表明,工件定位精度小于等于0.1 mm。该定位技术能有效减小孔加工偏差,是解决燃油喷嘴定位精度的一种有效可行的方案。The traditional method for locating and establishing a coordinate system for fuel injection nozzle processing of automobile nozzles uses tooling fixtures.Because the manufacturing accuracy and installation error of tooling fixtures will result in a large deviation between measured aperture,hole shape,and hole position and theoretical values affecting the reliability of fuel injection nozzle;moreover,the performance of the diesel engine,stability of emission targets,and reliability of the diesel engine produce a substantial influence.Based on these,we propose a high-precision adaptive location technology based on a multifeature point matching algorithm.By measuring the spatial position of several feature points(at least six feature points)on a real automobile nozzle,the precise positioning parameters of the actual automobile nozzle and theoretical model in the machine tool’s coordinate system are calculated based on the measurement date of feature points given in the three dimensional model.The automobile nozzle’s all-generation hole machine parameters are then calculated.The experimental results show that the locating accuracy is less than 0.1 mm.The location technology can effectively reduce the hole machining deviation,which is an effective and feasible solution to improve the automobile nozzle location accuracy.

关 键 词：测量 激光加工 复杂曲面 多特征点匹配 自适应定位 误差分析 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] V261.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]