试论人与算法的自由关系  

On a Free Relationship Between Human and Algorithm

作　　者：彭理强 李伦[2] PENG Liqiang;LI Lun

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学公共管理学院,湖南长沙410081 [2]大连理工大学大数据与人工智能伦理法律与社会研究中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2022年第2期20-27,共8页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“大数据环境下信息价值开发的伦理约束机制研究”(17ZDA023);国家社会科学基金项目“开源运动的开放共享伦理研究”(17BZX022)。

摘　　要：由于大数据的介入,现代计算机的算法已经实现由封闭系统向开放系统的计算范式转向。开放系统的计算范式不再满足传统逻辑主义、计算主义对确定性知识的表征,从而由唯一性、确定性向多样性、谱系性转向。根据算法作用的不同场域,可以将算法划分为个体决策影响型算法、社会资源分配型算法和自然科学型算法,分别用于调节“我”与自我、他者、自然的关系。人与算法关系冲突的焦点是自由意志之争,算法伦理的缺位将引发人与算法自由关系的异化,包括个体的自我认知、群体的社会分配和人的自然本质的异化。鉴于现代计算机算法的开放性,我们需要对现代性的绝对的、唯一的、客观的、自足的、封闭的知识的合法性进行解构后重构,对主体性理论和自然科学的理性主义进行继承与批判,提出人与算法共在的新型自由关系。在这种新型自由关系下,人类应将算法的本质以正确的方式显现,把握人与算法的信任关系。Due to the intervention of big data,the algorithm of modern computer has shifted from closed system to open system.The computing paradigm of open system is no longer satisfied with the representation of deterministic knowledge by traditional logicism and computationalism,so it turns from uniqueness and certainty to diversity and pedigree.According to the different fields of the algorithm,the algorithm can be divided into individual decision-making influence algorithm,social resource allocation algorithm and natural science algorithm,which are respectively used to adjust the relationship between“I”and self,others and nature.The focus of the conflict between human and algorithm is the dispute of free will.The absence of algorithm ethics will lead to the alienation of the free relationship between human and algorithm,including the alienation of individual self cognition,social distribution of group and human nature.In view of the openness of modern computer algorithms,we need to deconstruct and then reconstruct the legitimacy of the absolute,unique,objective,self-sufficient and closed knowledge of modernity,inherit and criticize the subjectivity theory and rationalism of natural science,and propose a new free relationship of being-with between human and algorithms.Under the new free relationship,human beings should make the essence of algorithm appear in a correct way and grasp the trust relationship between human and algorithm.

关 键 词：算法 主体性理论 自由 共在 

分 类 号：TP301.6[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构] C91[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]