淡水养殖水体细菌群落结构与硝化速率的关系  

Relationship between bacterial community structure and nitrification rate in freshwater aquaculture water

作　　者：何梦莹 熊英[1] 程凯[1] HE Mengying;XIONG Ying;CHENG Kai(Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization,College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学资源与环境工程学院,河湖生态修复与藻类利用湖北省重点实验室,武汉430068

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期373-382,共10页Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(2017ZX07602002).

摘　　要：为研究3类淡水养殖水体(精养虾蟹池、湖泊养殖水体和精养鱼池)细菌群落结构与硝化速率的关系,通过16S rRNA基因高通量测序与流式细胞仪分析了15个养殖水体的细菌种群结构和总菌数,并测定了硝化速率.结果表明:淡水养殖水体中的优势菌群门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Acidobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),且夏季细菌群落的多样性显著高于春季(p<0.05).春季的亚硝酸盐氧化细菌(NOB)为Nitrotoga和硝化杆菌(Nitrobacter),其中硝化杆菌的丰度与硝化速率呈显著正相关(p<0.05),且精养鱼池中NOB的丰度显著高于另两类型水体(p<0.05);夏季NOB以硝化螺菌(Nitrospira)为主,其丰度也与硝化速率显著正相关(p<0.05),且湖泊散养水体中NOB的丰度显著高于另两类水体(p<0.05).此外,春夏两季的黄单胞菌目(Xanthomonadales)的丰度均与硝化速率显著正相关.上述结果说明,养殖水中NOB的分布受季节和养殖水体类型的影响,而硝化速率则受多种细菌的共同影响.To study the relationship between bacterial community structure and nitrification rate in three types of freshwater aquaculture water(i.e.intensive shrimp&crab farming pond,aquaculture lake and intensive fish farming pond),16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and flow cytometer were used to analyze the bacterial community structure and total bacterial concentration,respectively,in 15 aquaculture waters.Also,the nitrification rate was measured.The results showed that the dominant phyla in freshwater aquaculture water were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes,and the diversity of bacterial community in summer was significantly higher than that in spring(p<0.05).In spring,the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria(NOB)were Nitrotoga and Nitrobacter,and the abundance of Nitrobacter was significantly positively correlated with nitrification rate(p<0.05),and the abundance of NOB in intensive fish farming pond was significantly higher than other waters(p<0.05).In summer,Nitrospira was the dominant NOB,and its abundance was significantly positively correlated with nitrification rate(p<0.05),and the abundance of NOB in aquaculture lake was significantly higher than other waters(p<0.05).In addition,the abundances of Xanthomonadales in spring and summer were all positively correlated with nitrification rate.The results showed that the distribution of NOB in aquaculture water was affected by season and type of aquaculture water,and the nitrification rate was affected by the combined influence of various sorts of bacteria.

关 键 词：高通量测序 淡水养殖 细菌多样性 硝化速率 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X703.1