皖江经济带耕地土壤养分丰缺地球化学评价及科学施肥研究  

Geochemical Evaluation of Soil Nutrient Abundance and Deficiency of Cultivated Land in the Wanjiang Economic Belt and Brief Discussion on Scientific Fertilization

作　　者：杜国强 陈富荣[1] 邢润华[1] 梁红霞[1] 陶春军[1] 李明辉[1] 史春鸿[1] 严明疆[2] DU Guo-qiang;CHEN Fu-rong;XING Run-hua(Geological Survey of Anhui Province(Anhui Institute of Geological Sciences),Hefei,Anhui 230001)

机构地区：[1]安徽省地质调查院(安徽省地质科学研究所),安徽合肥230001 [2]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2022年第7期150-154,183,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(200314200022,GZTR20060107,GZTR-20070102)。

摘　　要：利用1∶25万土地质量地球化学调查获取的9632个耕地表层土壤(0~20 cm)数据,系统分析评价皖江经济带耕地土壤养分含量、丰缺状况及空间分布,探讨科学施肥方法。结果表明,皖江经济带耕地土壤耕作层有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾含量分别为21.07、1.21、0.59、16.47 g/kg;不同耕地类型养分含量差异明显,有机质、全氮含量为水田>旱地>水浇地,全磷、全钾含量为水浇地>旱地>水田;耕地有机质处于中等—较缺乏水平,全氮以中等水平为主,全磷处于较缺乏水平,全钾处于中等—较缺乏水平;耕地土壤养分综合等级以中等等级(14632 km^(2)、占比51.52%)为主,较缺乏等级(11430 km^(2)、占比40.24%)次之,不同耕地类型土壤养分综合等级差异显著;建议根据养分评价结果结合农作物种植现状,在合肥、滁州西部、六安东部等养分缺乏区适当增加相应缺肥比例。该研究结果可为皖江经济带耕地科学管护及合理施肥提供参考。Using the data of 9632 topsoil(0-20 cm)of cultivated land obtained from the 1∶250000 geochemical survey of soil quality,systematic analysis and evaluation of soil nutrient content,abundance and deficiency status and spatial distribution of cultivated land in the Wanjiang Economic Belt were done in order to explore scientific fertilization methods.Research showed that the organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium content of the cultivated land in the Wanjiang Economic Belt were 21.07,1.21,0.59,16.47 g/kg;the nutrient content of different cultivated land types were obviously different,organic matter and total nitrogen content were paddy field>dry land>irrigated land,the content of total phosphorus and total potassium was irrigated land>dry land>paddy field.The organic matter of cultivated land was at a medium-relatively deficient level,total nitrogen was mainly at a medium level,total phosphorus was at a relatively deficient level,and total potassium was at a relatively deficient-medium level.The comprehensive soil nutrient level of cultivated land was mainly at the medium level(14632 km^(2),accounting for 51.52%),followed by the relatively deficient level(11430 km^(2),accounting for 40.24%).There were significant difference in the comprehensive soil nutrient levels of different cultivated land types.It was recommended that based on the results of nutrient evaluation and the status of crop planting,we should increase the proportion of corresponding fertilizer shortages in the nutrient-deficient areas such as Hefei,western Chuzhou,and eastern Lu'an.The research results can provide references for the scientific management and protection of cultivated land and rational fertilization for the Wanjiang Economic Belt.

关 键 词：皖江经济带 耕地 土壤养分丰缺 地球化学评价 科学施肥 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]