顾及语义知识的地理空间数据快速检索  

Rapid Retrieval of Geospatial Data Considering Semantic Knowledge

作　　者：刘俊楠 刘海砚[1] 陈晓慧[1] 郭漩 赵清波 刘建湘 康磊 LIU Junnan;LIU Haiyan;CHEN Xiaohui;GUO Xuan;ZHAO Qingbo;LIU Jianxiang;KANG Lei(School of Data and Target Engineering,Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Institute of Geospatial Information,University of Information Engineering,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学数据与目标工程学院,河南郑州450001 [2]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2022年第3期463-472,共10页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金(182300410005);国家自然科学基金(41801313)。

摘　　要：大数据时代地理空间资源不断增多,但现有通用知识库较少考虑地理空间数据蕴含的语义知识,难以实现数据的快速检索。因此亟需引入本体技术,以蕴含的语义知识为基础,提高地理空间数据访问速度,精确获取用户所需信息。以本体为基础,提出了顾及地理空间数据语义知识的快速检索方法。首先,基于通名编码规则、地理空间数据和开源百度百科数据构建语义知识库;然后,定义查询重写规则,设计语义知识和空间数据库映射方式,基于地名自动构建检索语句;最后,通过实例应用和效率、质量对比分析验证快速检索方法的可行性。该方法以地理空间数据的语义知识为基础,仅通过地理实体名称即可自动构建数据库检索语句,减少用户对数据存储方式和数据库语法规则的依赖,有效提高系统的检索效率和智能化程度。Objectives:In the era of big data,geospatial information resources are constantly increasing.However,the current knowledge bases are difficult to take into account the semantic knowledge as well as to retrieve geospatial data quickly.Therefore,it is urgent to introduce ontology technology to improve the access speed of geospatial data on the basis of semantic knowledge so as to accurately obtain the information needed by users.Methods:We propose a fast retrieval method that takes into account the semantic knowledge of geospatial data based on ontology.Firstly,a semantic knowledge base is constructed through encoding rules of generic place name,geospatial data and Baidu encyclopedia open source data.Secondly,we design some query rewrite rules and mapping methods between semantic knowledge and spatial database.So that we can construct retrieval statements based on place names automatically.Results:The feasibility of the fast retrieval method is verified through the application of an example and the comparative analysis of efficiency and quality.Conclusions:Based on the semantic information of geospatial data,we can automatically construct the structured query language(SQL)retrieval statement only by geographical entity name,reduce the user’s dependence on data storage method and SQL grammar rules,and effectively improve the retrieval efficiency and intelligence of the system.

关 键 词：数据检索 地理空间数据 语义知识 本体 查询重写 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]