云南省淡水鱼中兽药残留现状分析  

Analysis of Veterinary Drug Residues of Freshwater Fish in Yunnan Province

作　　者：毕亚楠 叶艳萍[1] 杨旭昆[1] 李凯茜 杜丽娟[1] 陈静[2] BI Yanan;YE Yanping;YANG Xukun;LI Kaixi;DU Lijuan;CHEN Jing(Institute of Agriculture Quality Standards&Testing Technique,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Yunnan Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Tea,Kunming650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《现代食品》2022年第6期154-158,共5页Modern Food

基　　金：农业农村部农产品质量安全监测(14193023)。

摘　　要：目的:分析云南省淡水鱼中的兽药残留情况。方法:在云南省16个州(市)的养殖和流通环节抽取8种共680批次淡水鱼,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测淡水鱼中硝基呋喃类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类、氯霉素类和三苯甲烷类5类共28种兽药残留。结果:共有95批次样品检出药物残留,检出率为13.97%,检出药物为恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、氯霉素和孔雀石绿,其他药物均未检出;8批次样品不合格,不合格率为1.47%。所有检出药物中,恩诺沙星的检出率最高,达13.97%;所有监测地区中,大理州的检出率最高,达35.71%;所有抽样环节中,暂养池的检出率最高,达30.43%;所有监测品种中,虹鳟鱼的检出率较高,达42.86%,鲫鱼不合格率最高,达2.86%。结论:目前,云南省的淡水鱼中存在兽药残留问题,以恩诺沙星、环丙沙星等抗菌药物为主,氯霉素、孔雀石绿等禁用药物也有检出,相关部门应加强对兽药的生产、销售及使用过程的管理,以此保障云南省淡水鱼质量安全。Objective: The veterinary drug residues in freshwater fish in Yunnan Province was analyzed. Method: A total of 680 batches of 8 kinds of freshwater fish were collected from the breeding and circulation links of 16 States(cities)in Yunnan Province. The residues of 28 veterinary drugs in 5 categories such as nitrofurans, sulfonamides, quinolones,chloramphenicols and triphenylmethane in freshwater fish were simultaneously detected by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Result: 95 batches of samples were found to veterinary drug residues in total,with the detection rate of 13.97%. The detected drugs including enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and malachite green, while others were not detected;8 batches of samples were unqualified, with the unqualified rate of 1.47%. The detection rate of enrofloxacin was the highest among all detected drugs, reaching 13.97%;the detection rate of Dali was the highest among all monitored areas, reaching 35.71%;the detection rate of temporary pond is the highest among all sampling links, reaching 30.43%;among all monitored species, rainbow trout has the highest detection rate, reaching 42.86%, and crucian has the highest unqualified rate, reaching 2.86%. Conclusion: At present, there were veterinary drug residues problems in freshwater fish in Yunnan Province, mainly antibiotics such as enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, and banned drugs such as chloramphenicol and malachite green have also been detected. Relevant departments should strengthen the management of veterinary drugs in the process of production, sales and use, so as to ensure the quality and safety of freshwater fish in Yunnan Province.

关 键 词：淡水鱼 兽药残留分析 云南省 

分 类 号：F326.4[经济管理—产业经济]