甘肃省市售杏仁和扁桃仁及其制品中氰化物含量状况调查  

Investigation on cyanide content in almond,apricot kernel and their products sold in Gansu Province

作　　者：李拥军[1,2] 高向娜 程妍 李永才[2] LI Yongjun;GAO Xiangna;CHENG Yan;LI Yongcai(Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Gansu Lanzhou 730020,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Gansu Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2022年第1期64-68,共5页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：甘肃省技术创新引导计划项目(20CX4ZA022);2020年甘肃省中医药科研项目(GZKP-2020-26);2021年甘肃省中医药科研项目(GZKP-2021-24)。

摘　　要：目的调查甘肃省内市场上常见的杏仁和扁桃仁及其制品中氰化物含量,为保障人群的健康和国家制定相关标准提供科学依据。方法从甘肃省14个地市采集样品323份,采用气相色谱-顶空法测定氰化物含量,用秩和检验分析。结果不同产品中氰化物含量范围为干果类0.0980~720 mg/kg,固体饮料类0.0151~151 mg/kg,液体饮料类0.0151~7.15 mg/kg,糕点类0.184~5.88 mg/kg,糖果类0.0832~5.11 mg/kg,腌渍类0.702~17.3 mg/kg;不同品种中氰化物含量范围为苦杏仁及其制品0.0151~720 mg/kg,甜杏仁及其制品0.0151~151 mg/kg,扁桃仁及其制品0.0980~12.0 mg/kg;不同种类中氰化物含量范围为熟(干)甜杏仁0.482~20.9 mg/kg,生(干)甜杏仁1.05~151 mg/kg,鲜甜杏仁2.32~184 mg/kg,熟(干)苦杏仁359~597 mg/kg,生(干)苦杏仁359~720 mg/kg,鲜苦杏仁634~733 mg/kg。结论氰化物在杏仁及其制品中普遍存在,尤其是鲜苦杏仁、干苦杏仁以及干果类杏仁及其制品中氰化物含量较高,需要引起关注。Objective To investigate the content of cyanide in apricot kernel,almond and their products in Gansu Province of China,and to provide reference for formulating relevant national standards and protect the public health.Methods 323 samples of almond and its products were collected from 14 cities of Gansu Province of China.The content of cyanide in samples was determined by chromatographic headspace analysis.Results The contents of cyanide in different products of apricot kernel and almond were various,the content of cyanide in were 0.0980-720,0.0151-151,0.0151-7.15,0.184-5.88,0.0832-5.11 and 0.702-17.3 mg/kg in dry fruit,solid beverage,liquid beverage,pastry,candy and pickled kind respectively.The contents of cyanide in different varieties of almond were different,the content of cyanide in bitter almond and its products was 0.0151-720 mg/kg,0.0151-151 mg/kg in sweet almond and its products,and was 0.0980-12.0 mg/kg in almond and its products.The content of cyanide was different in different kinds of almond,the content was 0.482-20.9 mg/kg in ripe(dried)sweet apricots,1.05-151 mg/kg in raw(dried)sweet apricots,2.32-184 mg/kg in fresh sweet apricots,359-597 mg/kg in ripe(dried)bitter apricots,359-720 mg/kg in raw(dried)bitter apricots and was 634-733 mg/kg in fresh bitter apricots.Conclusion Cyanide is commonly found in apricot kernel,almond and their products,especially the contend of cyanide was high in fresh bitter almonds,dried bitter almonds and dried fruit almonds and their products which should be paid attention to.

关 键 词：杏仁及其制品 氰化物 含量 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]