不同训练方式对体育教育专业大学生下肢爆发力影响研究  

Research on the Effects of Different Training Modes on Lower Limb Explosive Force in Physical Education Majors

作　　者：周文生 张前前 毛苏杰 郑婷婷 李然 Zhou Wensheng;Zhang Qianqian;Mao Sujie;Zheng Tingting;Li Ran(School of Physical Education,Nanjing Xiaozhuang Univeraity,Nanjing 211171,Jiangsu,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南京晓庄学院体育学院,江苏南京211171 [2]徐州丰县实验小学中阳分校,江苏徐州221000 [3]南京体育学院研究生院,江苏南京210000 [4]南京氢健身工作室,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2022年第4期143-146,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(项目编号:21YJC890051);南京晓庄学院硕士学位培育点研究项目。

摘　　要：下肢爆发力是基础体能素质,决定着训练和比赛中的运动表现。过去有许多研究专门探讨和比较不同训练方式对提升爆发力的效果,但是目前还没有研究直接比较短期增强式训练(plyometric training, PT)和传统爆发力训练(traditional explosive training, TE)对体育教育专业学生下肢爆发力的影响。研究目的:探讨五次TE和PT对体育教育专业学生下肢爆发力的影响。研究方法:20名受试者(21.4±0.75岁)被随机分为实验组(PT group, PTG)和对照组(TE group, TEG)。两组受试者分别进行五次连续训练,训练前后进行立定跳远、垂直纵跳的下肢爆发力测试。研究结果:PTG和TEG的立定跳远和垂直纵跳均得到显著提升(p<0.05),其中PTG的提升幅度分别为2.9%和2.8%,TEG的提升幅度分别为6.2%和5.0%,值得注意的是训练后TEG的立定跳远和垂直纵跳均显著高于PTG(p<0.05),分别高出2.9%和2.7%。结论:五次TE和PT能够显著提高体育教育专业学生的立定跳远和垂直纵跳的能力,TE对立定跳远和垂直纵跳能力的提升效果更优于PT。The lower limb explosive force is the basic physical fitness which determines the sport performance in the training and competition. Many studies focused on the effects of different training modes for improving explosive force in the past, but without direct comparison of the effects of short-term plyometric training(PT)and traditional explosive training(TE)on the lower limbs explosive force in the students majoring in physical educationr. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of five times PT and TE on the lower limbs explosive force in the physical education majors. Methods: Twenty participants(21.4 ± 0.75 years)were randomly divided into experimental group(PT group, PTG)and control group(TE group, TEG). Additionally, the standing long jump and vertical jump before and after training were evaluated. Results: The standing long jump distance and vertical jump height were higher both after PTG and TEG(2.9% and 2.8% in PTG, 6.2% and 5.0% in TEG, p<0.05). It is worth noting that the standing long jump and vertical jump were significantly higher after TEG than PTG(2.9% and 2.7%, respectively, p<0.05). Conclusion: Five times TE and PT can significantly improve the standing long jump and vertical jump in the physical education majors, and TE is better than PT for improving the explosive force of lower limbs.

关 键 词：肌力 体能 超等长训练 快速伸缩复合训练 牵张反射 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]