泗顶矿区剖层土固氮微生物群落结构和丰度  

Characteristics on the community structure and abundance of diazotrophs from the soil profile in the Siding mine area

作　　者：李艺 张海春[3] 刘媛 韦姣腾 王聪 梁映 刘可慧 于方明 LI Yi;ZHANG Hai-chun;LIU Yuan;WEI Jiao-teng;WANG Cong;LIANG Ying;LIU Ke-hui;YU Fang-ming(Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection,Ministry of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China;College of Environment and Resources,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China;College of Life Science,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学,珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,广西桂林541004 [3]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2022年第4期1819-1828,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41967019,41907096)。

摘　　要：以广西柳州泗顶矿区的上游区、下游区和尾矿区12个剖层土(每个区域分为4层)为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术和荧光定量PCR技术,分析了剖层土中固氮微生物的群落结构、丰度和多样性特征.结果表明,变形菌门在各区域剖层土中均为优势菌门,所占比例超过70%;α-变形菌纲在上游区和下游区剖层土中均为优势菌纲.上游区、下游区和尾矿区剖层土固氮微生物nifH基因丰度的范围分别为3.02×10^(6)~1.17×10^(7)、2.55×10^(6)~7.78×10^(6)和8.19×10^(5)~3.14×10^(6)基因拷贝数/g(干土).主要影响nifH基因丰度的土壤环境因素是土壤氮(总氮、铵态氮和硝态氮)和磷(总磷和有效磷)的含量.矿区固氮微生物群落组成的差异性主要由土壤铅、锌和镉含量的变化所引起,上游区剖层土的Shannon指数和ACE指数显著高于下游区和尾矿区,表明上游区剖层土固氮微生物群落的多样性和丰富程度相对较高.另外,土壤钾、钙和钠含量的变化对固氮微生物群落的ACE指数和NMDS1指数也产生了不同程度的影响.研究结果表明土壤环境因子变化影响了矿区剖层土固氮微生物的群落结构、丰度和多样性.研究为矿区的氮素调控、生态恢复和重建提供了理论依据.In the present study,twelve soil profile samples(4 soil layers in each area)were collected from upstream,downstream and mine tailing areas in the Siding mine located in Liuzhou,Guangxi Province.The community composition,abundance and diversity of diazotrophs from the soil profile were examined using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology and fluorogenic quantitative real-time PCR technology.The results indicated that the phylum Proteobacteria was the most dominant taxon,with an abundance higher than 70%.Alphaproteobacteria was the dominant class in the soil profile from the upstream and downstream areas.The nifH gene abundance in the soil profile ranged from 3.02×10^(6)~1.17×10^(7),2.55×10^(6)~7.78×10^(6)and 8.19×10^(5)~3.14×10^(6) gene copies/g(DW)in upstream,downstream and mine tailing areas,respectively.Nitrogen-related soil properties(including total nitrogen,ammonia and nitrate)and phosphorus-related soil properties(including total phosphorus and available phosphorus)were the main factors influencing nifH gene abundance.Soil lead,zinc and cadmium concentrations were found to mainly influence diazotrophic community composition.The Shannon index and ACE index of the diazotrophic community in upstream area were higher than those in the downstream and mine tailing areas,which indicated that the diversity and richness of the diazotrophic community in the soil profile were relatively higher in the upstream area.In addition,the soil potassium,calcium and sodium contents contributed to the ACE index and NMDS1index of the diazotrophic community to different degrees.Hence,the results indicated that variation in soil environmental factors had an impact on the community composition,abundance and diversity of diazotrophs from the soil profile.Our research will help to provide a scientific basis for nitrogen regulation,ecological restoration and reconstruction in mining areas.

关 键 词：矿区 固氮微生物 剖层土 群落结构 nif H基因丰度 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]