仿红茶调制工艺不同萎凋条件对烟叶调制结果的影响  

Effect of different withering conditions on modulation result of tobacco imitating black tea method

作　　者：李彦 周东波 汪耀富 张惠林 赵冏炅 沈程文 刘钰坤 戴林建[1] LI Yan;ZHOU Dong-bo;WANG Yao-fu;ZHANG Hui-lin;ZHAO Jiong-jiong;SHEN Cheng-wen;LIU Yu-kun;DAI Lin-jian(College of Agriculture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Zhongyan Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410007,China;Liuyang County Tobacco Company of Hunan Province,Liuyang,Hunan 410300,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,长沙410007 [3]长沙市烟草公司浏阳市烟草分公司,湖南浏阳410300

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第3期662-668,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南中烟工业有限责任公司项目(202043000834081)。

摘　　要：【目的】为明确仿红茶调制工艺萎凋期工艺参数对烟叶主要化学成分、外观质量及感官质量的影响。【方法】以云烟87中部叶为材料,测定其主要化学成分、烟丝外观及感官质量,通过分析萎调条件与烟叶内主要化学成分,烟丝外观及评吸结果的相关性,得出试验范围内烟叶质量变化趋势及最优萎凋条件。【结果】对比分析萎凋阶段烟叶主要化学成分可知,烟叶在萎凋完成后基本形成与烤烟相近的内在化学成分;萎凋温度与烟叶内总糖、还原糖、钾离子含量极显著正相关;萎凋时间与总糖含量显著正相关,与总碱、总氮含量显著负相关;对比分析调制后烟叶内主要化学成分可知,萎凋温度影响较大,具体表现为与总糖、还原糖、钾离子、糖碱比、氮碱比、钾氯比极显著正相关,与总碱、氯离子极显著负相关,与总氮显著负相关;对比分析烟丝外观可知,萎凋时间较短烟丝易出现青痕,在合理萎凋条件范围内,烟丝外观质量差距较小,萎凋温度较高,时间较长易萎凋过度,导致烟丝颜色灰暗;对比分析评吸结果可知,适当延长萎凋时间有利于杂气、刺激性与评吸总分,适当提高萎凋温度有利于烟叶整体评吸评价。【结论】萎凋温度41℃,萎凋时间36 h烟叶化学成分适宜,外观表现较好,评吸得分最高,调制效果最好。本研究表明了萎凋条件与烟叶内在化学成分的相关关系与试验范围内最优萎凋工艺参数,可通过控制萎凋条件,进而调控烟叶品质,为仿红茶调制工艺的改进提供了方向。【Objective】The present paper aimed to clarify the effects of processing parameters on the main chemical components,appearance quality and sensory quality of tobacco leaves during withering period of imitating black tea methods.【Method】Taking the middle leaves of Yunyan 87 as materials,the main chemical composition,appearance and sensory quality of tobacco were determined.By analyzing the correlation between wilting conditions and main chemical components,cut tobacco appearance and smoking evaluation results in tobacco,the change trend of tobacco quality and the optimal wilting conditions were obtained.【Result】Comparing the main chemical components of tobacco leaves in withering stage,the internal chemical components were similar to those of flue-cured tobacco after withering;The withering temperature was significantly positively correlated with the contents of total sugar,reducing sugar and potassium ion in tobacco leaves;The withering time was significantly positively correlated with the contents of total sugar,and negatively correlated with the contents of nicotine and total nitrogen;The results showed that the withering temperature had a great influence on the content of the main chemical components in the cured tobacco leaves,which was significantly positively correlated with total sugar,reducing sugar,potassium ion,sugar nicotine ratio,nitrogen nicotine ratio,potassium chloride ratio,significantly negatively correlated with nicotine and chloride ion,and significantly negatively correlated with total nitrogen;Comparing the appearance of cut tobacco,it can be seen that when the withering time was short,the cut tobacco was easy to appear green marks.Within the reasonable withering conditions,the appearance quality difference was small,when the withering temperature was high,and the withering time was long,it was easy to wither excessively,leading to the gray color of cut tobacco.The results showed that prolonging withering time was beneficial to the total score of miscellaneous gas,irritation and sm

关 键 词：仿红茶调制工艺 萎凋期 化学成分 外观质量 感官质量 

分 类 号：TS452.1[农业科学—烟草工业]