2018—2019年包头市食源性致泻大肠埃希菌的病原学特征分析  

Analysis on pathogenic characteristics of food-borne diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Baotou City from 2018-2019

作　　者：解英波[1] 刘欣 庞梦婷 高蒙[1] 关艳红[1] 贠庆茹 XIE Ying-bo;LIU Xin;PANG Meng-ting;GAO Meng;GUAN Yan-hong;YUN Qing-ru(Microbiology Laboratory,Baotou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baotou Inner Mongolia,014030,China)

机构地区：[1]包头市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第7期888-892,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：包头市医药卫生科技计划项目(wsjj2018099)。

摘　　要：目的 了解包头市食源性疾病主动监测中致泻大肠埃希菌(diarrheogenic escherechia coli,DEC)的流行特点、耐药特征及脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)分子分型特点,为腹泻性疾病的预防和有效治疗提供科学依据。方法 2018—2019年收集481例腹泻患者的粪便样本并分离培养得到大肠埃希菌,采用荧光定量PCR技术检测其毒力基因并进行分型;对分离到的DEC菌株采用肉汤稀释法进行抗菌药物耐药性检测;对DEC进行PFGE分子分型和聚类分析。结果 腹泻患者样本中DEC的检出率为13.51%(65/481),其中肠黏附性大肠埃希菌检出率最高,为9.77%(47/481),肠致病性大肠埃希菌和肠产肠毒素大肠埃希菌分别为2.29%(11/481)和1.46%(7/481);8月份DEC的检出率最高,占全年检出病例的29.23%(19/65);<1岁婴幼儿组DEC检出率最高,为25.45%(14/55)。DEC的耐药率为90.77%(59/65),耐氨苄西林67.69%(44/65),耐磺胺异恶唑和四环素均为66.15%(43/65);多重耐药率达到64.62%(42/65),其中1株肠黏附性大肠埃希菌可耐受17种抗菌药物。DEC在PFGE分子分型和聚类分析中,无优势带型,菌株间相似度在0~100%之间,65株DEC菌株共产生49种带型。结论 通过对DEC病原特性分析发现,婴幼儿组DEC检出率高,DEC菌株的耐药率和多重耐药发生率较高,PFGE分型呈多态性分布。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics,drug resistance characteristics and pulse field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) molecular typing of diarrheagenic escherichia coli(DEC) in the active surveillance of food borne diseases in Baotou City,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and effective treatment of diarrhoeal diseases.Methods The fecal samples of 481 patients with diarrhea from 2018 to 2019 were collected,and Escherichia coli was isolated and cultured.The virulence gene was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR technology and was typed.The isolated DEC strains were detected for the antibacterial drugs resistance by broth dilution method.PFGE molecular typing and cluster analysis of DEC were performed.Results The detection rate of DEC in samples of patients with diarrhea was 13.51%(65/481),among which the detection rate of intestinal adhesive Escherichia coli was the highest at 9.77%(47/481),and the detection rate of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and intestinal enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was 2.29%(11/481) and 1.46%(7/481) respectively.DEC had the highest detection rate in August,accounting for 29.23%(19/65) of the cases detected throughout the year.The detection rate of DEC in <1 year-old infant group was 25.45%(14/55),which was higher than that of other age groups.DEC resistance rate was 90.77%(59/65),the resistance rate to ampicillin was 67.69%(44/65),and that to ulfisoxazole and tetracycline were both 66.15%(43/65).DEC’s multi-drug resistance rate reached 64.62%(42/65),of which one strain of intestinal-adherent Escherichia coli was resistant to 17 kinds of antibacterial drugs.In the PFGE molecular typing and cluster analysis of DEC,there was no dominant band type,and the similarity between each strain was between 0-100%.65 DEC strains produced a total of 49 band types.Conclusion Through the analysis of the pathogenic characteristics of DEC,it is found that the detection rate of DEC is high in infants,the rate of resistance and multi-drug resistance of DEC strains is high,a

关 键 词：致泻大肠埃希菌 耐药性 脉冲场凝胶电泳 分子分型 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]