航空燃气涡轮发动机气路故障诊断进展  

A Review of Research Progress on Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines Gas Path Fault Diagnosis

作　　者：李少尘 陈敏[1] 胡金涛 唐海龙[2] LI Shao-chen;CHEN Min;HU Jin-tao;TANG Hai-long(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 102206,China;Research Institute of Aero-Engine,Beihang University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京102206 [2]北京航空航天大学航空发动机研究院,北京102206

出　　处：《航空发动机》2022年第2期33-49,共17页Aeroengine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91860205)资助。

摘　　要：航空发动机健康管理是提高当代先进航空发动机安全性、可靠性以及经济可承受性的关键技术,是实现发动机视情维修的重要方法之一。航空发动机气路故障诊断作为健康管理系统的重要支撑技术,在先进航空发动机发展过程中具有重要的研究价值与前景。基于航空发动机气路故障诊断50余年的发展成果,梳理了航空发动机气路故障诊断的总体实施流程,包括气路测量参数的选择及参数预处理方法、基线值的计算及基线模型的构建方法;介绍了基于模型和数据驱动的气路故障诊断方法的基本原理和典型成果并对不同方法的特点进行了评述;对气路故障诊断未来发展方向,包括性能预测、在线气路故障诊断、信息融合以及过渡态气路故障诊断的基本思想和研究现状进行了分析。国内外研究表明:航空发动机气路故障诊断已经形成了以基于模型和基于数据驱动为基础的诊断方法体系,得到了较全面且系统的发展。中国在已有研究成果的基础上,应进一步完善航空发动机全寿命周期数据的收集与整理,建立航空发动机健康管理系统的设计体系,增强产、学、研、用等多方协作,为先进航空发动机健康管理系统提供有力技术支撑。Aeroengine Health Management is a key technology to improve the safety,reliability and affordability of contemporary advanced aeroengines,it is one of the most important methods to realize condition based maintenance strategy. As an important supporting technology of the health management system,aeroengine gas path fault diagnosis has important research value and prospects in the development of advanced aeroengines. Based on the development results of aeroengine gas path fault diagnosis for more than 50 years,the overall implementation process of gas path fault diagnosis was reviewed,including the selection of gas path measurement parameters,parameter preprocessing,calculation of baseline values and baseline model construction methods,followed by basic principles and typical achievements of model-based and data-driven method and comments of the characteristics of different methods. Finally,the future development direction of gas path fault diagnosis,including performance prognostics,online gas path fault diagnosis,information fusion and transient state gas path fault diagnosis was proposed,the basic ideas and research status of these problems were analyzed. Public research shows that aeroengine gas path fault diagnosis has formed a model-based and data-driven diagnosis method system,and has achieved a comprehensive and systematic development. Based on the existing research results,it is suggested that further improvement should be implemented in China,including improving the collection and collation of aeroengine life-cycle data,establishing the design system of Engine Health Management system,as well as strengthening the collaboration among industry,academia,research and application,thus providing strong technical support for advanced aeroengine health management system.

关 键 词：气路故障诊断 航空燃气涡轮发动机 健康管理系统 智能诊断 在线诊断 

分 类 号：V263.6[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]