基于“内在主义”进路的区块链技术伦理解析  

The Ethical Analysis of Blockchain Technology Based on “Internalism”

作　　者：郝喜 HAO Xi(School of Marxism,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第2期31-37,共7页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20&ZD044);华中师范大学马克思主义学院研究生科研创新基金资助项目(21HMY007)。

摘　　要：“内在主义”撇弃“外在主义”将技术视为本质上去伦理性的观点,将技术看作是与人地位相平等的“道德行动者”,为技术本身的伦理考量预留空间,并在设计阶段重视伦理实践,期望将伦理考量赋予技术功能,利用技术手段解决伦理问题。“内在主义”进路的区块链伦理设计在消解隐私保护、数据权、信任等传统伦理难题的同时,也会引发出一系列新的伦理问题,如遮蔽“被遗忘权”、隐匿主体地位、导致归责性困境等。应采取辩证视角,既要利用“内在主义”进路对区块链正向伦理价值进行设计利用,又要利用“外在主义”进路对区块链技术设计本身进行伦理规约。人道原则、协商原则与透明原则构成了规制区块链技术伦理风险的伦理原则。The ethical analysis of blockchain technology based on “Internalism” regards blockchain as a “moral actor” equal to human beings, and emphasizes the ethical practice in technical design. Its goal is to “embed” moral norms into blockchain through specific technical design, and bring the positive role of blockchain in solving ethical problems into full play. However, while eliminating traditional ethical problems regarding right of privacy, right to data and trust, the ethical design of blockchain based on “Internalism” also causes a series of new ethical problems, such as shielding the “right to be forgotten”, hiding the subject status, leading to the dilemma of accountability. Humanity principle, consultation principle and transparency principle constitute ethical principles that regulate the ethical risks of blockchain technology.

关 键 词：内在主义 区块链 技术伦理 技术设计 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] B82-057[哲学宗教—伦理学]