副下颌孔及周围骨孔的应用解剖  

Applied anatomy of the accessory mandibular foramen and surrounding bone foramen

作　　者：秦泗佳 王玉萌 刘玥彤 王新刚 张佳 张军峰 刘昌奎 QIN Si-jia;WANG Yu-meng;LIU Yue-tong;WANG Xin-gang;ZHANG Jia;ZHANG Jun-feng;LIU Chang-kui(Stomatology College of Xi'an Med-ical University,Dental and Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration and Repair Research Center of Xi'an Medical University Xi'an,Shaanxi Province 710075,China;Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical Col-lege,Xi'an,Shaanxi Province 710038,China;Department of Basic Medicine,Xi'an Medical College,Xi'an,Shaanxi Province 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安医学院口腔医学院,西安医学院牙颌面组织再生与修复研究中心,陕西西安710075 [2]西安医学院第二附属医院康复医学科,陕西西安710038 [3]西安医学院基础医学部,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《解剖学研究》2022年第1期61-64,共4页Anatomy Research

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2020SF-023);陕西高校青年创新团队。

摘　　要：目的研究副下颌孔及下颌孔与周围解剖结构间的关系,为临床手术提供参考的同时丰富解剖学资料。方法选取200例成人干燥下颌骨,观察副下颌孔和无名孔的数量,用游标卡尺等测量最大副下颌孔内侧最低点和下颌孔内侧最低点到髁突内极、喙突尖端、下颌切迹最低点、下颌小舌尖、颏棘、下颌角、下颌角前切迹、下颌最后一颗磨牙远中中点的距离及下颌骨后缘的水平距离,并进行统计学分析。结果副下颌孔出现率为30.75%,双侧同时出现多见;无名孔多为(13.51±3.98)个,主要位于下颌孔与下颌切迹水平之间;最大副下颌孔内面最下点到髁突内极、喙突尖端、下颌切迹最低点、下颌小舌尖、颏棘、下颌角、下颌角前切迹、下颌最后一颗磨牙远中中点的距离及下颌骨后缘的水平距离分别为(33.70±3.67)mm、(37.13±4.44)mm、(20.13±3.59)mm、(7.58±2.05)mm、(74.93±4.55)mm、(26.69±5.36)mm、(31.57±4.77)mm、(25.40±4.96)mm、(11.09±2.85)mm。下颌孔内面最下点到髁突内极、喙突尖端、下颌切迹最低点、下颌小舌尖、颏棘、下颌角、下颌角前切迹、下颌最后一颗磨牙远中中点的距离及下颌骨后缘的水平距离分别为(39.59±3.80)mm、(39.94±4.23)mm、(24.92±3.20)mm、(9.21±2.11)mm、(68.61±4.39)mm、(23.26±3.88)mm、(26.76±3.79)mm、(20.82±4.46)mm、(15.28±2.22)mm。经统计学分析,上述左、右两侧各个数和距离差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论副下颌孔和无名孔出现率高,明确副下颌孔及下颌孔与周围解剖结构间的关系,丰富了解剖学资料,为临床手术提供了参考。Objective To study the relationship between accessory mandibular foramen and mandibular foramen and surrounding anatomical structures,provide references for clinical operations and enrich anatomical data. Methods The number of accessory mandibular foramen and innominate foramen were observed. Measureds with vernier caliper and so on the mate’s jaw hole inside low and jaw hole inside the lowest point in the condylar,coracoid tip and mandibular notch low,small jaw the tip of the tongue,and chin spines,mandibular Angle and mandibular Angle before incisure,jaw and a molar halfway point in the far distance and mandibular trailing edge of the horizontal distance,and statistical analysis. Results The occurrence rate of accessory mandibular foramen was 30.75%,and bilateral foramen were more common. There were13.51±3.98 innamental foramen,mainly located between the mandibular foramen and the level of the notch. The distances from the lowest point on the inner surface of the largest accessory mandibular foramen to the inner pole of the condylar process,the tip of the coracoid process,the lowest point of the mandibular notch,the tip of the small tongue,the mental spine,the mandibular angle,the anterior notch of the mandibular angle,the distal midpoint of the last molar of the mandible,and the horizontal distances of the posterior margin of the mandible were(33.70±3.67)mm,(37.13±4.44)mm,(20.13±3.59)mm,(7.58±2.05)mm,(74.93±4.55)mm,(26.69±5.36)mm,(31.57±4.77)mm,(25.40±4.96)mm,(11.09±2.85)mm,respectively. The distance from the lowest point of the inner surface of the mandibular foramen to the inner pole of the condylar process,the tip of the coracoid process,the lowest point of the mandibular notch,the tip of the small tongue,the mental spine,the mandibular angle,the anterior notch of the mandibular angle,the distal midpoint of the last molar of the mandible,and the horizontal distance of the posterior margin of the mandible were(39.59±3.80)mm,(39.94±4.23)mm,(24.92±3.20)mm,(9.21±2.11)mm,(68.61±4.39)mm,(23.26±3

关 键 词：副下颌孔 下颌孔 无名孔 下颌切迹 应用解剖 

分 类 号：R782[医药卫生—口腔医学]