新疆农牧区哈萨克族学龄前儿童家长喂养行为与儿童贫血的关联  

Association between parental feeding behavior and child anemia of Kazak preschool children in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang

作　　者：张馨 杨晶 阿依努尔 ZHANG Xin;YANG Jing;AINUR(不详;Department of Public Physical Education,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi(830000),China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共体育教研部,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆教育学院体育学院 [3]伊犁哈萨克自治州妇幼保健院儿保科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第3期355-358,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解新疆农牧区哈萨克族学龄前儿童家长喂养行为和认知状况,为预防该地区学龄前儿童贫血提供参考。方法2019年5月采用分层整群抽样方法在新疆农牧区共抽取1846名哈萨克族学龄前儿童,对其贫血状况进行检测,对其家长进行喂养行为调查。结果新疆农牧区哈萨克族学龄前儿童贫血检出率为49.19%,其中轻度、中重度贫血检出率分别为29.52%,19.66%。学龄前儿童贫血检出率在不同年龄、父亲学历、母亲学历、家庭人均月收入方面相比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为162.06,8.17,16.86,11.14,P值均<0.05);在不同辅食种类、营养性贫血、母乳喂养时间、是否强迫进食方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为6.33,8.91,4.06,21.55,P值均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,不清楚辅食种类(OR=1.36,95%CI=1.09~1.68)、不清楚营养性贫血(OR=1.38,95%CI=1.08~1.77)、喂养时间不满24个月或不清楚(OR=1.46,95%CI=1.01~2.11)、强迫进食(OR=1.42,95%CI=1.13~1.78)与学龄前儿童贫血的检出率呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。结论新疆农牧区哈萨克族学龄前儿童贫血状况严重。家长喂养行为与儿童贫血之间存在关联,是今后改善学龄前儿童贫血的重要方面和途径。Objective To understand parental feeding behavior and cognitive development among Kazak preschool children in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang,and to provide reference for anemia prevention in preschool children in this area.Methods In May 2019,a total of 1846 Kazak preschool children were selected from the agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang by stratified cluster sampling method,and parental feeding behavior and child anemia status were assessed.Results The detection rate of anemia in Kazak preschool children in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang was 49.19%,and the detection rates of mild and moderate anemia were 29.52%and 19.66%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of anemia in preschool children in terms of age,father’s education,mother’s education,and family per capita income(χ^(2)=162.06,8.17,16.86,11.14,P<0.05);There were statistically significant differences in the types of complementary food,nutritional anemia,breastfeeding time,and whether or not to force feeding(χ^(2)=6.33,8.91,4.06,21.55,P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that parents unclear about the type of complementary food(OR=1.36,95%CI=1.09-1.68),nutritional anemia(OR=1.38,95%CI=1.08-1.77),feeding time less than 24 months or unawareness(OR=1.46,95%CI=1.01-2.11)and forced feeding(OR=1.42,95%CI=1.13-1.78)were positively correlated with the detection rate of anemia in preschool children(P<0.05).Conclusion Kazak preschool children in agricultural and pastoral areas in Xinjiang have severe anemia.There is a relationship between parental feeding behavior and children’s anemia,which warrants further efforts to improve preschool children’s anemia.

关 键 词：行为 饮食习惯 贫血 回归分析 儿童 学龄前 法定监护人 少数民族 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学] R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]