抛光涂层麻花钻加工奥氏体不锈钢的切削性能研究  

Cutting Performance of Polished and Coated Twist Drill for Machining Austenitic Stainless Steel

作　　者：罗胜 袁彪[1,2] 卞玲玲 曾滔 汤爱民 杨志平 裴斐[1,2] LUO Sheng;YUAN Biao;BIAN Ling-ling;ZENG Tao;TANG Ai-min;YANG Zhi-ping;PEI Fei(Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co.,Ltd.,Hunan Zhuzhou 412007,China;State Key Laboratory of Cemented Carbide,Hunan Zhuzhou 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司,湖南株洲412007 [2]硬质合金国家重点实验室,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第4期292-298,307,共8页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX04041001)。

摘　　要：目的提升普通涂层麻花钻加工奥氏体不锈钢的效率。方法采用刀具基体及涂层前沿抛光处理技术,按照涂层前抛光及涂层前、后均抛光的不同工艺路线分别制备硬质合金麻花钻,选取制作的2种抛光涂层麻花钻与未经过抛光工艺处理的涂层麻花钻开展钻削奥氏体不锈钢试验,综合分析涂层前、后抛光处理工艺对涂层硬质合金麻花钻耐用度、磨损形貌及磨损机理的影响趋势。结果涂层硬质合金麻花钻初始表面经抛光工艺处理后,槽前刀面粗糙度均值由10.77μm降低为5.09μm,降幅达52.7%,涂层表面质量获得显著提升。当切削工况一致时,涂层前、后均抛光麻花钻及涂层前抛光麻花钻的耐用度比未抛光涂层麻花钻分别提升了150%、106.1%;涂层前、后均抛光麻花钻的耐用度比涂层前抛光麻花钻提升了21.3%。未抛光涂层麻花钻的失效原因为月牙洼磨损、刀尖崩缺及切屑黏结;涂层前抛光麻花钻的失效原因为月牙洼、周刃磨粒磨损及涂层脱落;涂层前、后均抛光麻花钻的失效原因为周刃微崩、涂层脱落及切屑黏结,损伤程度最轻微。结论普通涂层麻花钻基体及涂层表面抛光处理技术对降低其加工奥氏体不锈钢的损伤程度、延长切削寿命具有十分显著的优势,可大幅度提高刀具的综合性能。This work aims to improve the cutting efficiency of coated twist drill for machining austenitic stainless steel.According to different process routes of polishing before coated and polishing before and after coated,the advanced polishing technology of tool substrate and coating was adopted to prepare carbide twist drill.Then,two kinds of the polished and coated twist drills and the coated twist drill which untreated by polishing process were selected to drill austenitic stainless steel,and the influence of the polishing technology before and after coated on the durability,wear morphology and wear mechanism of coated carbide twist drill were analyzed.After the initial surface of the coated carbide twist drill was polished,the average surface roughness of the flute rake face decreased from 10.77μm to 5.09μm,and the reduction range reached 52.7%,and the surface quality of the coating was significantly improved.When given the same cutting condition,the durability of twist drill was polished before and after coated and twist drill was polished before coated was 150%and 106.1%higher than that of unpolished twist drill respectively,and the durability of twist drill was polished before and after coated was 21.3%higher than that of twist drill was polished before coated.The failure causes of unpolished coated twist drill were crater wear,tip chipping and chip adhesion.The failure causes of twist drill was polished before coated were crater wear,notch wear around the cutting edge and coating peeling off.The failure causes of twist drill was polished before and after coated were micro chipping,coating peeling off and chip adhesion,and the damage degree of it was the least of all.The polishing technology of tool substrate and coating surface of the common coated twist drill has remarkable advantages in reducing the damage degree of machining austenitic stainless steel and prolonging its cutting life,which can greatly improve the comprehensive performance of the tool.

关 键 词：抛光涂层硬质合金麻花钻 奥氏体不锈钢(1Cr18Ni9Ti) 刀具耐用度 刀具磨损形貌 刀具磨损机理 

分 类 号：TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]