洋板块地质研究进展  

Progress in geological study of oceanic plates

作　　者：刘勇[1] 李廷栋[1] 肖庆辉 张克信[3] 朱小辉[4] 丁孝忠[1] LIU Yong;LI Tingdong;XIAO Qinghui;ZHANG Kexin;ZHU Xiaohui;DING Xiaozhong(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Information Center of Ministry of Natural Resources of People’s Republic of China,Beijing 100830,China;China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Xi’an Center of Geological Survey,China Geological Survey,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037 [2]自然资源部信息中心,北京100830 [3]中国地质大学(武汉),湖北武汉430074 [4]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《地学前缘》2022年第2期79-93,共15页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221645,DD20221648);内蒙古自治区地质勘查基金项目(2020-YS01)。

摘　　要：中国存在多个时代、多种类型的造山带,发育了多种多样的俯冲增生杂岩带,经历了复杂多变的洋陆转换过程,如何揭示包括洋内演化和洋陆转换等的造山过程一直是一个难题。为此,中国区域地质志项目组提出了洋板块地质研究,试图通过对造山系俯冲增生杂岩带、蛇绿岩带等洋岩石圈地质建造、结构构造进行系统研究,再造洋岩石圈从洋中脊形成到海沟俯冲消亡、转换成陆的地质作用全过程。本文介绍了洋板块地质提出到现今主要的研究进展,包括四个方面。一是,初步建立了洋板块地质格架,洋板块地质的研究包括俯冲增生杂岩的物质组成、蛇绿岩类型及其形成的构造环境、洋板块沉积组合和洋板块地层、岛弧火成岩组合、洋陆转换的过程和机制、洋-陆转换过程与成矿作用等重要内容。二是,识别出北山牛圈子—马鬃山、嘉荫—依兰、陈蔡、东昆仑布青山—阿尼玛卿、鹰扬关、大洪山、甘孜—理塘、新余神山—新干神政桥等中国陆域62条主要的俯冲增生杂岩带/增生杂岩带。俯冲增生杂岩带是认识、理解造山系时空结构、组成和演化的关键。三是,在祁连地区识别出较为完整的洋内弧岩石组合。洋盆演化形成大陆过程中的洋内俯冲带是大陆的诞生地,洋内俯冲作用形成的洋内弧是洋盆演化形成大陆的初始弧。洋内弧火成岩组合序列的发现为研究洋陆转换过程提供了岩石学依据。祁连造山带是洋板块地质研究的经典地区之一。研究显示,当金山出露完整的洋内弧岩石组合,这些岩石记录了洋内弧从初始俯冲到发育成熟的全过程,为探讨祁连造山带原特提斯洋构造演化提供了新的依据。四是,制定了洋板块地质构造图编图方案,编图内容主要包括俯冲增生杂岩带、岩浆弧、高压-超高压带、俯冲期和碰撞期构造形变要素和构造演化等。编图单元分为�The ages and types of orogenic belts in China vary greatly, where subduction accretionary complexes and ophiolite suites of various styles are developed through complex and changeable ocean-continent transition processes. How to study the orogenic processes such as ocean basin evolution and ocean-continent evolution has always been an intractable issue. To this end, the Regional Geology of China compilation project team has proposed the geological study of oceanic plate in an attempt to systematically study the geological construction and the structure of oceanic lithospheric plates such as orogenic subduction accretionary complex zone and ophiolite belt, and subsequently reconstruct the whole geological process from plate formation in the mid-ocean ridge to plate subduction in trench to eventual transformation of oceanic plate into land. This paper introduces the main research progress on the geology of oceanic plate focusing on the following four aspects. First, a preliminary geological framework of oceanic plate has been established. According to this model, the geological study of oceanic plate mainly concerns with the material composition of subduction-accretion complex, ophiolite type and its tectonic environment, unique sedimentary assemblages in oceanic plate and their characterization, paleoorogenic OPS sequence reconstruction, forearc volcanic assemblage in subduction zone, ocean-continent transition process and mechanism, and mineral formation and evolution in ocean-continent transition zone. Second, 62 subduction-accretion complex belts are identified, which include Beishan Niuquanzi-Mazongshan, Jiayin-Yilan, Chencai, East Kunlun Buqingshan-Animaqing, Yingyangguan, Dahongshan, Ganzi-Litang, and Xinyu Shenshan-Xingan Shenzhengqiao subduction-accretion complex belts, and so on. Subduction-accretion complex is the key to understanding the spatial-temporal structure, composition, and evolution of orogenic system. Third, intra-oceanic arc volcanic assemblages have been discovered in Qilian, which provides

关 键 词：洋板块地质 造山带 蛇绿岩 俯冲增生杂岩带 洋内弧 洋内初始俯冲 弧前火山岩组合 洋板块地质构造图 

分 类 号：P541[天文地球—构造地质学] P542[天文地球—地质学]