我国初中生视力的影响因素研究——基于CEPS(2014—2015学年)追访数据的多项Logistic回归模型分析  

Study on the Contributing Factors to Junior High School Students’ Vision in China——Nomreg Logistic Regression Models Based on CEPS(2014—2015)

作　　者：朱厚伟 史曙生[1] 申翠梅 郑哲[2] 乔福存 ZHU Houwei;SHI Shusheng;SHEN Cuimei;ZHENG Zhe;QIAO Fucun(Nanjing Normal University,Nan‐jing 210023,China;Zhejiang Normal University,Jin‐hua 321004,China;Dinghui Experimental Primary School Affiliated to Zhengjiang Nor‐mal University,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学,江苏南京210023 [2]浙江师范大学,浙江金华321004 [3]浙江师范大学附属丁蕙实验小学,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2022年第4期52-61,共10页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2020SJZDA128);江苏省体育局重大体育科研课题(STS192102);江苏高校优势学科建设工程三期项目(PAPD-3-144);浙江省教育科学规划课题(2019STWY004)。

摘　　要：以中国教育追踪调查(China Education Panel Survey,CEPS)(2014—2015学年)数据为基础,采用多项Logistic回归模型(Nomreg Logistic Regression),从教育环境、视近时间、生活方式与城市化、体育锻炼状况、饮食习惯等方面,探讨环境因素对初中生视力的影响。研究发现:性别、教育环境、生活方式与城市化、体育锻炼状况对初中生的视力状况有显著影响,男生视力低下的患病风险远小于女生;教育水平越高视力低下的患病风险越大,学习成绩越好视力低下的患病风险越大,良好的学校健康教育及家庭教育能够有效保护视力;在生活方式及城市化中,城市化水平越高视力低下的患病风险越大,适度睡眠有助于保护视力;体育锻炼中,体育锻炼时间的增加和良好的体育态度能够有效地保护视力;视近时间对视力的影响较弱;饮食习惯对初中生视力低下的影响不显著;女生的学习成绩、读写时间高于男生,而每周体育锻炼时间、体育态度低于男生。随着经济的发展,高度城市化的社会环境导致近年初中生的视力低下患病率不断增长。因此,增加体育锻炼尤其是户外体育锻炼时间,加强学校及家庭健康教育,保证睡眠时间和良好的生活习惯,增加针对女生的视力保护措施等内容,应是未来我国青少年近视综合防控的重点。Based on the China Education Panel Survey(CEPS, 2014—2015) data and using Nomreg Logistic Regression, the influence of environment on junior high school students’ vision was explored from aspects including education environment, myopia ages, lifestyle and urbanization, physical exercises, diets and so on. According to the research, significant influences could be exerted on junior high school students’ eyesight by sex, education environment, lifestyle and urbanization, physical exercises, and boys’ low vision rate was far lower than girls’;the higher one’s education level or academic performance was, the higher risk he/she bore to be near sighted. Good school and family health education could protect teenagers from low vision effectively;the higher the urbanization was, the higher the low vision risk was, and proper sleep could be helpful for protecting eyesight;the increase of exercise time and a positive attitude towards physical exercise could effectively protect teenagers from low vision;the influence of near sight work on eyesight was weak;no significant effect on junior high school students’ low vision was found, girls’ academic performance and literacy time are higher than boys’, while weekly physical exercise time and sports attitude were lower than boys’. In conclusion, with the development of economy, high urbanization, teenagers were suffering from an increasingly low vision rate. Therefore, emphasis of junior high school students’ low vision prevention and control should be put on, by increasing time of physical exercise especially outdoor activities, enhancing both school and family health education, guaranteeing teenagers enough sleeping time and good life habits, and increasing measures aiming at girls’ vision prevention.

关 键 词：初中生 视力 影响因素 户外体育锻炼 

分 类 号：G806[文化科学—运动人体科学]