农业企业外包决策影响因素分析及政策启示——以中国农业上市公司为例  

A Study on the Influencing Factors of Outsourcing Decisions of Agricultural Enterprises and Policy Enlightenment——Take Listed Agricultural Companies in China as an Example

作　　者：任健华 REN Jian-hua(International Business School,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China;School of Economics and Management,Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University,Xi’an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学国际商学院,陕西西安710119 [2]陕西学前师范学院经济与管理学院,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《陕西学前师范学院学报》2022年第4期117-124,共8页Journal of Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University

基　　金：陕西学前师范学院科研基金项目(2021ZDRS06)。

摘　　要：外包有利于企业整合生产要素,增强核心力量,实现价值链增值。基于45家农业上市公司2016—2020年的数据,测度了农业企业外包水平,并实证分析影响其外包决策的因素。结果表明:农业企业的外包水平在样本期整体呈下降趋势,且农业细分行业的外包程度存在差异,畜牧业类企业的外包水平明显高于林业和渔业类企业。整体上看,外包具有政策延续性,本期外包程度受到上一期外包水平的影响;市场规模越大,业务外包比例也更高;而交易费用显著抑制了农业企业外包决策。据此,提出要选择适当的分工组织形式、建立信息流畅的交易平台和营造公平诚信的外包环境等政策建议,为农业企业业务外包营造良好商业氛围,充分发挥农业外包在带动农业、农村经济发展中的作用。Outsourcing is beneficial for enterprises to integrate production factors,strengthen core forces and realize value chain appreciation. Based on the data of 45 agricultural listed companies from 2016 to 2020,the outsourcing level of agricultural enterprises was measured,and the factors affecting their outsourcing decisions were empirically analyzed. The results show that the level of outsourcing of agricultural enterprises in 2016 to 2020 showed a slow downward trend,and there are differences in the level of outsourcing of agricultural sub industries. The level of outsourcing of animal husbandry enterprises is significantly higher than that of forestry and fishery enterprises. On the whole,outsourcing has policy continuity,and the degree of outsourcing in the current period is affected by the level of outsourcing in the previous period;The larger the market scale,the higher the proportion of outsourcing;Transaction costs significantly inhibit the outsourcing decision of agricultural enterprises. Therefore,it is proposed to form a dynamically adjustable enterprise organization boundary,establish a smooth information trading platform,and create a fair and honest outsourcing environment,so as to create a good business atmosphere for agricultural enterprise business outsourcing and give full play to the role of agricultural outsourcing in driving the development of agriculture and rural economy.

关 键 词：农业企业 业务外包 外包程度 影响因素 

分 类 号：F273.7[经济管理—企业管理]