中学生群体对贫困生的外显与内隐刻板印象  

Middle School Students’Explicit and Implicit Stereotypes towards Poverty-stricken Students

作　　者：张凤娟 吴欢 吕军伟 王丹阳 刘茜茜 ZHANG Fengjuan;WU Huan;LYU Junwei;WANG Danyang;LIU Xixi(Faculty of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004;Department of Student Affairs,Guangzhou College of Commerce,Guangzhou 510555;College of Chinese Language and Literature,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004;School of Physical Education&Sports Science,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006;Department of Student Affairs,Wuhan Donghu University,Wuhan 430212)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学教育学部,桂林541004 [2]广州商学院学生工作部,广州510555 [3]广西师范大学文学院,桂林541004 [4]华南师范大学体育科学学院,广州510006 [5]武汉东湖学院学生工作处,武汉430212

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2022年第2期171-177,共7页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“民族地区贫困家庭学生人格发展及社会适应研究”(19CSH049)。

摘　　要：研究聚焦中学生群体探讨其对贫困生的外显与内隐刻板印象。研究1采用人格词汇学方法通过开放式问卷从外表外貌、性格、行为习惯、学习和人际交往5个方面考察中学生对贫困生的外显刻板印象,结果发现:中学生对贫困生的外显印象包含积极、消极和中性三类。研究2采用单类内隐联想测验考察中学生对贫困生的内隐刻板印象,中学生完成相容任务(贫困生+消极词)的反应时显著低于不相容任务(贫困生+积极词),研究表明:相对于积极印象,中学生群体对贫困生的内隐刻板印象更倾向于消极,即中学生群体对贫困生持有消极内隐刻板印象。The present study aimed to explore the explicit and implicit stereotypes held by middle school students towards poverty-stricken students.By using research method of personality lexicology and open questionnaire,study 1 investigated middle school students’explicit stereotypes towards poverty-stricken students in the following five aspects:appearance,characters,behavioral habits,academic performance and interpersonal communication.It found that the descriptions of explicit impression could be classified into three types:positive,negative and neutral.In study 2,the Single Category Implicit Association Test(SC-IAT)was used to examine middle school students’implicit stereotypes towards poverty-stricken students.The results showed that the reaction time of compatibility task(poverty-stricken students+negative words)was significantly shorter than that of incompatibility task(poverty-stricken students+positive words).It indicated that:compared with positive stereotypes,middle school students held significantly negative implicit stereotypes on poverty-stricken students.

关 键 词：贫困生 外显刻板印象 内隐刻板印象 消极刻板印象 积极刻板印象 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]