拉萨河谷农区苦荞“3414”肥料效应试验研究  

Experimental study on fertilizer effect of Tartary Buckwheat″3414″in agricultural area of Lhasa River Valley

作　　者：边巴卓玛 Bianbadrolma(Research Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, Tibet 850032, China;State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, Tibet 850032, China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院农业资源与环境研究所,西藏拉萨850032 [2]省部共建青稞和牦牛种质资源与遗传改良国家重点实验室,西藏拉萨850032

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2022年第4期398-403,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家现代农业燕荞麦产业技术体系支持项目(CARS-08-E-4)。

摘　　要：为了探明不同施肥组合对高寒旱作区域苦荞产量的影响,实现最佳苦荞产量目标下的最优施肥方式和施肥组合,一方面提高苦荞的产量,另一方面降低肥料的施用量,进而减少农田的面源污染.结合拉萨河谷区域的苦荞种植和肥力特征,采用“3414”肥料效应试验,建立肥料效应方程,探索苦荞的最佳施肥模式和最优肥料配比.研究结果表明:不同施肥方式下对苦荞产量表现的差异极具有统计学意义,其中,施肥方式为N_(2)P_(2)K_(3)(氮、磷、钾含量分别为34.5,36.0,30.0 kg/hm^(2))下苦荞的产量最高;肥料互作效应分析显示氮、磷互作效应最高,土壤养分限制产量分析显示其提高顺序从大到小为N,P,K;采用一元二次肥料效应模型进行分析,推荐苦荞最佳施肥量尿素施用量44.50 kg/hm^(2)、过磷酸钙施用量256.17 kg/hm^(2)、硫酸钾施用量40.82 kg/hm^(2).In order to explore the impact of different fertilization combinations on the yield of Tartary Buckwheat in alpine and dry farming areas and realize the optimal fertilization method and fertilization combination under the goal of optimal yield of Tartary Buckwheat,on the one hand,the yield of Tartary Buckwheat is improved,on the other hand,the application of fertilizer is reduced,so as to reduce the non-point source pollution of farmland.In this study,combined with the planting and fertility cha-racteristics of Tartary Buckwheat in the Lhasa River Valley,the″3414″fertilizer effect experiment was made to establish the fertilizer effect equation and explore the best fertilization mode and the optimal fertilizer ratio of Tartary Buckwheat.The results showed that there were significant differences in the yield performance of Tartary Buckwheat by different fertilization modes.Among them,the yield performance of Tartary Buckwheat was the highest under N_(2)P_(2)K_(3)(nitrogen content 34.5 kg/hm^(2),phosphorus content 36.0 kg/hm^(2),potassium content 30.0 kg/hm^(2)).The analysis of fertilizer interaction effect showed that the interaction effect of N and P was the highest,and the order of soil nutrient limi-ting yield was N>P>K.Through the analysis of the unitary quadratic fertilizer effect model,the optimal fertilization rates of Tartary Buckwheat were recommended,including urea application rate of 44.50 kg/hm^(2),calcium superphosphate application rate of 256.17 kg/hm^(2) and potassium sulfate application rate of 40.82 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：苦荞 “3414”试验 肥料效应 拉萨河谷 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]