夜班护士亚健康状态调查及危险因素分析  

Investigation on sub-health status of night shift nurses and analysis of risk factors

作　　者：张星星[1] 蔡文文 辛洪杰 杨秋玉 何璇昱 白杨[3] 阮伟清[1] ZHANG Xingxing;CAI Wenwen;XIN Hongjie;YANG Qiuyu;HE Xuanyu;BAI Yang;RUAN Weiqing(Huiqiao Medical Center,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510515,China;School of Nursing,Southern Medical University,Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510515,China;Department of Gastroenterology,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学南方医院惠侨医疗中心,广东广州510515 [2]南方医科大学护理学院,广东广州510515 [3]南方医科大学南方医院消化内科,广东广州510515

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2022年第6期43-47,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2019A141405048)。

摘　　要：目的调查夜班护士亚健康状态的现状,并分析其危险因素。方法采用方便抽样法,于2020年11月至2021年5月抽取南方医科大学南方医院的440名夜班护士作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表和亚健康状态评定量表对其进行横断面调查。结果共发放问卷440份,回收有效问卷425份,有效回收率为96.6%。425名夜班护士的亚健康发生率为77.6%,亚健康总均分为(52.06±10.28)分,其中心理症状、器官功能、身体症状3个维度得分最低。单因素分析显示,年龄、工作年限、学历、婚姻状况、每个月夜班频率、每周锻炼频率、每周按时用餐频率、每日平均睡眠时间的夜班护士亚健康状态比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,每周锻炼1~3次/周(OR=4.521,95%CI:1.185~17.252)、每周锻炼>3~5次/周(OR=4.548,95%CI:1.690~12.240)、每周无按时用餐(OR=7.020,95%CI:1.693~29.111)、每周1~3 d按时用餐(OR=4.833,95%CI:2.230~10.694)、每日平均睡眠>6~7 h(OR=4.337,95%CI:1.845~10.193)、每个月1~3 d夜班(OR=7.836,95%CI:2.733~22.465)、每个月>3~7 d夜班(OR=2.119,95%CI:1.051~4.271)是夜班护士亚健康状态的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论夜班护士的亚健康发生率较高,且受到多方面因素的影响。管理者和护士均应提高健康管理意识,及时改善亚健康状态,提高护士健康水平。Objective To investigate the current status of sub-health status of night shift nurses and to analyze risk factors.Methods From November 2020 to May 2021,convenience sampling was adopted,and a total of 440 night shift nurses in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University were selected as the research objects.The general information questionnaire and sub-health measurement scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey.Results A total of 440 questionnaires were distributed,425 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the effective recovery rate was 96.6%.The sub-health incidence rate of 425 night shift nurses was 77.6%,and the total sub-health score was(52.06±10.28)points,with the lowest scores in the three dimensions of psychological symptoms,organ function,and physical symptoms.Univariate analysis showed that compared the sub-health status of the night shift nurses,the differences of age,working years,education,marital status,monthly night shift frequency,weekly exercise frequency,weekly meal frequency,daily average sleep time were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that weekly exercise 1-3 times/week(OR=4.521,95%CI:1.185-17.252),weekly exercise>3-5 times/week(OR=4.548,95%CI:1.690-12.240),no regular meals per week(OR=7.020,95%CI:1.693-29.111),regular meals on 1 to 3 days per week(OR=4.833,95%CI:2.230-10.694),average daily sleep>6-7 h(OR=4.337,95%CI:1.845-10.193),1-3 d per month of night shift(OR=7.836,95%CI:2.733-22.465),>3-7d per month of night shift(OR=2.119,95%CI:1.051-4.271)were risk factors for sub-health status of night shift nurses(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of sub-health in night shift nurses is high,and it is affected by many factors.Both managers and nurses should improve their awareness of health management,improve their sub-health status in a timely manner,and improve the health level of nurses.

关 键 词：亚健康状态 夜班护士 健康管理 疲劳 睡眠障碍 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]