加班一定会带来疲倦吗?加班时长对工作恢复水平的影响机制研究  

Does Overtime Work Necessarily Cause Fatigue?The Mechanism of Overtime Hours on Recovery From Work

作　　者：严瑜[1] 祁航 Yan Yu;Qi Hang(Department of Psychology,School of Philosophy,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院心理学系,武汉430072

出　　处：《心理科学》2022年第1期97-104,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(18BGL119);SIOP国际合作研究“Cross-Cultural Study of Threat Appraisal and Behavioral Reactions to Illegitimate Tasks by a Team From China,the U.S.,and Switzerland”项目;武汉大学2021年研究生“课程思政”示范课程——“职业健康心理学”专题项目(413100093)的资助。

摘　　要：基于资源保存理论,采用日记研究法探讨加班对工作恢复的影响以及闲暇时间控制和掌握体验在其中的作用。结果表明:(1)加班时长负面影响工作恢复水平;(2)加班时长通过闲暇时间控制影响工作恢复水平;(3)掌握体验不仅调节了加班时长和闲暇时间控制之间的关系,还进一步调节了加班时长通过闲暇时间控制影响工作恢复水平的间接关系,在高水平的掌握体验下,闲暇时间控制的中介作用不再显著。这意味着加班未必一定抑制工作恢复,获得积极体验从而促进资源的生成可能才是恢复的关键,这为企业和个人提供了有效进行工作恢复的指导。In the modern workplace,overtime work is very common and can potentially and negatively affect employees’recovery from work that is essential for individuals to replenish physical and mental resources.However,previous findings about overtime’s effect on recovery were inconsistent and psychological detachment was established as the main mediating mechanism.The present study intends to address the inconsistent findings by exploring potential moderators and to explore additional mediating mechanisms beyond detachment.Conservation of resources theory suggests that people tend to acquire,protect,and construct resources that are important to them.When valuable resources are threatened or cannot be obtained again after investment,pressure will arise.However,once the resource is obtained,it promotes the generation of other resources.Based on this rationale,we explored the mediating role of control during leisure time and the moderating role of mastery experiences in the relationship between overtime hours and work recovery.This study used a daily dairy study design.Specifically,we recruited 307 full-time employees from various industries(e.g.,service,administration,production,education,and banking)using social media and e-mail,and 167 of them completed data collection for the study.The participants first completed a baseline survey measuring demographic information(gender,age,child,work year)and control variables(calling and work control).Then,they completed daily surveys measuring their overtime hours,control during leisure time,mastery experience,and work recovery level for 5 consecutive working days.The diary data had a multilevel structural in which daily observations were nested within individuals.Therefore,we used SPSS 24.0 and Mplus 7.4 to test a multilevel structural equation model and estimated Monte Carlo confidence intervals for indirect effects.Our findings supported the proposed moderated mediation model.Specifically,we found that daily overtime hours had a significant negative effect on work recovery an

关 键 词：加班时长 工作恢复 对闲暇时间的控制 掌握体验 

分 类 号：F249.25[经济管理—劳动经济]