基于灾难医学救援的系统工程数字化建设及应用研究  

Digital construction and application of system engineering based on disaster medical rescue

作　　者：周丹 刘中民[1,2,3] ZHOU Dan;LIU Zhongmin(Tongji University,School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai East Hospital,Shanghai 200120,China;Tongji University,Institute of Disaster Medical Engineering,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学医学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学附属东方医院 [3]同济大学灾难医学工程研究院

出　　处：《中华灾害救援医学》2022年第4期228-232,共5页Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(18BGL242);上海市浦东新区卫计委临床高峰学科(急危重症)项目(PWYgf2018-05);上海市科学技术委员会特大疫情灾情下的应急救援对策与信息平台建设方案(20692114202)。

摘　　要：灾难现场的恶劣环境、信息不畅和资源短缺,给应急救援带来巨大困难。在抗击新冠肺炎疫情的过程中,对医疗救援工程系统所提出更为多元的要求。本文在分析灾难医学工程体系建设现状的基础上,总结新冠肺炎疫情的现实挑战,提出灾难医学救援系统工程建设,需要将传统医学救治向数字化建设方向转变。这需要将复杂灾害条件下的移动指挥中心建设、适应不同灾难地貌的探测救援机与机器人研发、基于无人系统的灾情侦测和救援模拟智能体系,以及借助远程通讯的灾害救援调度指挥系统集成开发作为主要内容。同时着眼底层支撑上层的智能急救与应急救援省际平台、院前及院内一体化的专科协同急救网络体系,以及手术室内和室外远程控制机器人系统的模块化建造。进而以标准化实现系统模块的可生长、可扩展和可复制。最后,结合现有实践应用现状和创新研发趋势,为未来灾难医学救援系统工程数字化的可持续发展阐明了方向。The harsh environment,poor information and shortage of resources at the disaster site have brought great difficulties to emergency rescue.In the process of Covid-19 pneumonia outbreak,the more diversified requirements for medical rescue engineering system are put forward.Based on the analysis of the current situation of disaster medicine engineering system construction,this paper summarizes the challenges of the new crown pneumonia epidemic situation,and proposes the construction of disaster medical rescue system and the transformation from traditional medical treatment into digital construction.This requires to take the following contents as major research direction.The first one is to construct mobile command center under complex disaster conditions;the second one is to develop the detection and rescue aircraft and robots suitable for different disaster landforms;the third one is to set up disaster detection and rescue simulation intelligent system based on unmanned system;the last one is to integrate the development of disaster rescue dispatching and command system with the help of remote communication.At the same time,the intelligent first aid and emergency rescue inter provincial platform supporting the upper layer of the fundus layer;specialized collaborative first aid network system integrating pre-hospital and inner-hospital;And the modular construction of indoor and outdoor remote control robot systems.Then,the system modules can be grown,expanded and replicated by standardization.Finally,combined with the current situation of practical application and the trend of innovative R&D,this study clarifies the direction for future sustainable development of digital disaster medical rescue system engineering.

关 键 词：灾难医学 数字化 医学救援 移动医院 工程建设 应用研究 

分 类 号：R-1[医药卫生]