苹果新品种‘瑞香红’果实主要品质研究  

Study on Main Fruit Quality of New Apple Variety ’Ruixianghong’

作　　者：靳元凯 姚奕君 刘莉 冯瑞芳 李凤龙 杨亚州[1] 赵政阳[1] JIN Yuankai;YAO Yijun;LIU Li;FENG Ruifang;LI Fenglong;YANG Yazhou;ZHAO Zhengyang(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西省苹果工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2022年第3期23-28,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业(苹果)产业技术体系(CARS-28)。

摘　　要：研究以‘瑞香红’及其亲本‘富士’、‘克氏粉红’为试验材料,分析各品种的果实品质和果肉香气成分的差异以及套袋对‘瑞香红’果实的影响,为‘瑞香红’栽培和推广提供理论参考。结果表明:‘瑞香红’果形高桩,色泽鲜艳,果形指数1.02和果皮红色度a;值34.77显著高于双亲,果实硬度8.12 kg/cm;略低于‘克氏粉红’,维生C 9.05 mg/g和可溶性固形物含量(16.4%)显著高于亲本,可滴定酸0.28%低于‘富士’;套袋提高‘瑞香红’果皮色泽参数a;值,对可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量没有显著影响;‘瑞香红’果肉中有35种香气类物质,脂类物质种类21种,醛类物质含量4种,醇类物质含量3种,烯烃类物质3种,其他类物质2种,脂类物质的相对含量最丰富,醇类物质和其他类物质相对含量较少,果肉中不含有酮类物质。‘瑞香红’果肉脂类物质相对含量为68.25%,显著高于‘富士’56.77%。结论:‘瑞香红’果皮红色度a;值高,果形指数1.02显著高于亲本,外观品质好。可溶性固形物含量高显著高于亲本,可滴定酸含量低于‘富士’,果肉中香气物质种类丰富,口感香甜。套袋对‘瑞香红’果实品质没有影响,可进行无套袋栽培。‘瑞香红’具备典型的超亲优势,综合品质性状优于‘富士’,可作为晚熟红色苹果的推广。With ’Ruixianghong’ and its parents ’Fuji’ and ’Cripps Pink’ as experimental materials, the differences in fruit quality and pulp aroma components of various varieties and the effect of bagging on the fruits of ’Ruixianghong’ were analyzed, which will provide theoretical references for the cultivation and promotion of ’Ruixianghong’.The results showed that the fruit shape of ’Ruixianghong’ was tall and bright, the fruit shape index was 1.02 and the redness a;value of the peel was 34.77, which were significantly higher than that of its parents, and the fruit hardness of 8.12 kg/cm;was slightly lower than that of the ’Cripps Pink’, and its vitamin C. was 9.05 mg/g and soluble solid content(16.4%) were significantly higher than its parent, and the titratable acid 0.28% was lower than ’Fuji’;the bagging increased the peel color parameter a;value of ’Ruixianghong’. Titration acid content had no significant effect;there were 35 aroma substances in the pulp of ’Ruixianghong’, 21 types of lipids, 4 types of aldehydes, 3 types of alcohols, 3 types of olefins, and other two types of substances.The relative content of lipids was the most abundant, the relative content of alcohols and other substances were relatively small, and the pulp did not contain ketones. The relative content of fats in the pulp of ’Ruixianghong’ was 68.25%, which was significantly higher than 56.77% of ’Fuji’. In conclusion, ’Ruixianghong’ has a high redness a;value, a fruit shape index of 1.02 is significantly higher than that of the parent, and good appearance quality. The content of soluble solids is significantly higher than that of the parent, and the titratable acid content is lower than that of ‘Fuji’. The fruit pulp has a rich variety of aroma substances and has a sweet taste. The bagging has no effect on the fruit quality of ‘Ruixianghong’ and can be cultivated without bagging. ’Ruixianghong’ has a typical super-parental advantage, and its comprehensive quality traits are better

关 键 词：苹果 瑞香红 果实 品质 香气 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]