上海冬令膏方的民俗、医俗与药俗浅析  

An Analysis of the Folk Customs,Medical Customs and Medicine Customs of Shanghai Winter Herbal Paste

作　　者：江岩[1] 朱抗美[2,3] 余小萍[2,3] 龚鹏[2,3] JIANG Yan;ZHU Kang-mei;YU Xiao-ping(School of Kinesiology,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200083 [2]上海中医药大学附属曙光医院海派膏方文化非遗工作室,上海201203 [3]上海市中医药研究院特色诊疗技术研究所,上海201203

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2022年第3期69-73,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2020年教育部人文社会科学基金项目(20YJAZH029)。

摘　　要：在上海地域范围内,冬令膏方的认知度、参与度、美誉度都很高;上海冬令膏方兼具传统医药和民俗两方面特点,民俗是底色,医俗是源头和核心,而药俗则最直观、可视程度最高;三“俗”的汇流与交融,造就了灿烂多姿的上海冬令膏方文化。上海冬令膏方的技艺与文化以群体传承为主,家庭(或家族)传承、社会传承为辅的特征十分突出;具有周期性特点,且集中在冬季的中医诊疗和中药炮制煎煮场所,带有明显的仪式和节日庆典风格,有多种文化符号表达。上海的中医药专家与当地百姓共同塑造了冬令膏方的习俗。Shanghai winter herbal paste enjoys a high recognition,participation and reputation locally.It shows both the characteristics of traditional medicine and folk custom.Its connotation lies in the folk customs,the origin and essence lie in the medical customs,and its highest visualizable value lies in the medicine customs.The confluence and integration of the three"customs"create a splendid culture of Shanghai winter herbal paste.The skills and culture of Shanghai winter herbal paste are mainly inherited by groups,supplemented by consanguine family(or clan)inheritance and social inheritance.The pasting is a cyclical behavior in winter,usually in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)clinics.Shanghai winter herbal paste exhibits classic ceremonial style and multiple cultural symbols,a custom shaped by both local TCM experts and common people.

关 键 词：膏方 民俗 非物质文化遗产 

分 类 号：R-09[医药卫生]