“互联网+”创业背景下乡村家庭的代际分工与伦理策略——基于福建省乡村创业家庭的案例分析  

Intergenerational Division of Labor and Ethical Strategies of Rural Households in the Context of Internet Plus-Based Entrepreneurship:A Case Study of Rural Entrepreneurial Families in Fujian

作　　者：潘峰[1] PAN Feng(School of Education and Livelihood,Xiamen City Vocational College,Xiamen 361008,Fujian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门城市职业学院教育民生学院,福建厦门361008

出　　处：《老龄科学研究》2022年第3期24-42,共19页Scientific Research on Aging

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度教育部重点课题“‘互联网+’背景下‘农二代’大学生创业与代际流动研究”(DIA190417)。

摘　　要：如何激活乡村家庭自主创新,以逐渐形成推动农村新产业发展的强大动力,是全面推进乡村振兴的关键性问题。基于福建省的创业家庭案例,以家庭代际分工机制为切入点,以“选择-极致化-补偿”作为分析框架,探讨家庭传统伦理如何与农民创新实践建立有机联系。互联网创业影响下的家庭代际分工经历了生成和发展两个阶段。生成阶段,家庭从“父慈子孝”的伦理中汲取能量,确立了“成功”和“成才”的双重目标,并形成了生产、投资和照顾的三代分工格局。发展阶段包括常态化阶段和非常态化阶段:前者表现为分工的极致化,强化“父慈”“子孝”的伦理意义,家庭分工资源下移形成代际接力,并建构了下代的文化反哺机制,家庭分工合理化的过程建立在同化和顺应的互认基础上;后者是家庭在资源不足时启动维护机制,进行创业关键阶段扶持和跨地域人员协作的策略调整。提出家庭伦理发展的新策略,重申了“成功”和“成才”的目标价值。不同于以往研究的二元取向,考察了创业家庭的分工机制。极致化(理性主义)和维持(道德主义)来回摆动的背后,正是家庭主体的利益权衡与情感维系的权变性决策。这样的摆动因强化家庭经营目标而不断进行创新实践。同时,家庭的伦理策略也强化了祖、父、子三代的功能联结,从而在一定程度上弱化了乡村家庭的核心化趋势。How to activate independent innovation of rural families to gradually form a strong driving force of new rural industries is the key issue of the Rural Revitalization Strategy in China.Taking entrepreneurial families in Fujian as examples,starting from the intergenerational labor division mechanism and using “choice-extremity-compensation” as a framework,this paper explored how to establish an organic connection between traditional family ethics and farmers’ innovation practices.It is found that the intergenerational labor division of families under the influence of Internet-based entrepreneurship has experienced two stages:germination and development.In the germination period,families drew energy from the ethics of “loving father and filial son”,established the dual goals of “being successful” and “being useful”,and formed a three-generation division of labor pattern:production,investment and care.The development stage includes a normal phase and an abnormal one.The former focused on a greatest degree of labor division and the ethical significance of “loving father and filial son”.The moving down of family resources can form an intergenerational relay,and construct a cultural feedback mechanism for the next generation.At the same time,rationalization of labor division is based on the consistency between adaptation and assimilation.The latter means to start the maintenance mechanism at times of family resource insufficiency,and then adjust strategies to provide support during key stages of entrepreneurship and promote collaboration among difference regions.This paper put forward a new strategy of revitalizing family ethics and reaffirmed the target value of“being successful”and “being useful”.The study also examined the labor division mechanism of entrepreneurial families,which is different from the binary orientation of previous studies.The swing between extremity(rationalism)and maintenance(moralism) demonstrates the balance of interests among family members and relationship mainte

关 键 词：“互联网+”创业 乡村家庭 代际分工 乡村振兴战略 

分 类 号：TP393.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] B823.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]