3维GIS拓扑关系中“一面三层”的概念及其在2维的推广  

Concept of "One Surface with Three Layers" in 3D GIS Topologic Relation and Its Extension in 2D

作　　者：李青元[1] 常燕卿[2] 曹代勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学教育部煤炭资源重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国测绘科学研究院政府地理信息系统研究中心,北京100039

出　　处：《测绘学报》2002年第4期350-356,共7页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 ( 497710 59);高等学校重点实验室访问学者基金

摘　　要：提出 3维GIS拓扑关系中的一个新概念“一面三层” ,它是对笔者所提出的 3维GIS中基于体划分的 5组拓扑关系中的第 2组“曲面片 外环 内环 正面多边形 负面多边形”关系的补充与发展。“一面三层”就是假设作为体与体之间分界面的曲面具有三层 ,即正面层、负面层与中间层 ,正面层、负面层分别分裂 ,中间层将正面层与负面层的分裂迭合起来。这样既保持一个自然曲面片的完整性 ,又使曲面片正、负面的子片划分相互独立 ,并通过中间层使正、负面子片间建立联系。文中设计了实现“一面三层”的数据结构。采用“一面三层”的概念建立的拓扑关系 ,可以很方便地查出某个多面体所相邻的多面体。最后 ,文章将“一面三层”的概念推广到 2维 ,以用于高速公路、铁路、河流等作为行政区划自然边界的线状地物的拓扑关系中。Proposes a new concept of 'one surface with three layers' in 3D GIS topological relation. It is a supplement and development for relation of 'Surface Out Cycle Inner Cycle Positive Polyhedron Negative Polyhedron' in the 'five group relations' which was proposed by the author formerly. 'One surface with three layers' supposes that one piece of surface has three layers, i.e. positive layer, middle layer and negative layer. Positive layer and negative layer are divided separately, middle layer overlaps the division of positive layer and negative layer. In this way, the integrality of a nature surface is retained, division of positive side and negative side are isolated, but there is some connection through middle layer. Data structure of 'One surface with three layers' is designed in the paper. If 3D topologic relation constructed in this way, inquire of one polyhedron's adjacent polyhedrons is very easy. Last, the author expands the concept of 'One surface with three layers' to 2D GIS, to deal with the line object like freeway, railway and river, which may be natural boundary of districts.

关 键 词：三维地理信息系统 数据结构 拓扑关系 GIS 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]