四种钠盐对盐桦种子萌发特性的影响  

Effects of Different Kinds of Sodium Salinity Stress on Germination of Belula halophila Seeds

作　　者：吉小敏 雷春英 刘畅 姜黎[3] Ji Xiaomin;Lei ChunYing;Liu Chang;Jiang Li(Institute of Afforestation and Sand Control,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi 830063,China;Jinghe Desert Ecosystem Research Station,Jinghe 833300,China;State Key Lab.of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plant,Nanjing 211111)

机构地区：[1]新疆林科院造林治沙研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830063 [2]新疆精河荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,新疆精河833300 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]南京野生植物综合利用研究院,江苏南京211111

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2022年第4期22-26,共5页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0207200);自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(KY2020024);兵团财政科技计划项目(2020DB001-1);南疆地区盐渍化区(巴州)生态地质调查项目(WZD2021BX02-01)。

摘　　要：目的:通过测定盐桦种子的萌发参数,探索濒危植物盐桦种子萌发适应不同类型盐碱地的机制,为利用盐碱地保育与开发观赏树盐桦提供了理论和技术依据。方法:通过研究四种不同盐分类型[氯化钠(NaCl)、硫酸钠(Na_(2)SO_(4))、碳酸氢钠(NaHCO_(3))和碳酸钠(Na_(2)CO_(3))]对盐桦的萌发率、萌发指数、萌发率达到50%时间的影响。结果:盐桦种子萌发参数均受NaCl、Na_(2)SO_(4)、NaHCO_(3)、Na_(2)CO_(3)的显著影响。根据回归分析得到了盐桦种子对NaCl、Na_(2)SO_(4)、NaHCO_(3)、Na_(2)CO_(3)在萌发期的耐盐适宜值,分别为97.4、68.2、50.5、33.3 mM,其临界值限值分布为300.9、226.0、179.4、159.7 mM;盐桦种子萌发对四种钠盐响应呈现出显著的差异;不同类型盐分对种子萌发的抑制程度高低顺序依次为NaCl<Na_(2)SO_(4)<NaHCO_(3)<Na_(2)CO_(3)。结论:盐桦种子可较低浓度(50 mM NaCl或Na_(2)SO_(4))的盐碱地上正常发芽生长,即濒危植物盐桦适宜在含盐量较轻的盐碱地上保育与繁殖。Objective:The mechanism of seed germination and seedling growth adapting to different types of saline-alkali land was explored,which provided a theoretical basis for using saline-alkali land to develop the planting industry of Belula halophila.Methods:Effects of sodium chloride(NaCl),sodium carbonate(Na_(2)CO_(3)),sodium sulfate(Na_(2)SO_(4))and lithium chloride(NaHCO_(3))on the seed germination and young seedling growth of B.halophil were studied by measuring the germination rate,germination index,time of 50%germination of B.halophila.Results:The results showed that with the increase of the four types of salinity stress concentration,the seed germination rate,germination index,shoot and root lengths of B.halophil decreased,but time of 50%germination increased.By regression correlation analysis,the suitable salt tolerance values of NaCl,Na_(2)SO_(4),NaHCO_(3),and Na_(2)CO_(3) in germination stage of B.halophil seeds were 97.4,68.2,50.5,33.3mM,respectively,and their critical value values were distributed as 300.9,226.0,179.4,159.7 mM,respectively.The seed germination and young seedling growth of B.halophila exhibited significantly different responses to the four types of salinity.The degrees of inhibition of different salinity on seed germination and young seedling growth were in the order of NaCl<Na_(2)SO_(4)<NaCO_(3)<Na_(2)CO_(3).The roots are more toxic than the buds.Conclusion:seeds are suitable for introduction and cultivation in chloride-and sulfate-salinity alkaline soil.B.halophila seedlings could grow normally on saline-alkali land with low concentration of NaCl(50 mM)and Na_(2)SO_(4)(50 mM).

关 键 词：盐桦 盐胁迫 种子萌发 钠盐 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学]