江西稻瘟病自然病圃菌群毒性相关基因的鉴定与分析  

Identification and Analysis of Virulence-related Genes in Magnaporthe oryzae from Rice Blast Nursery of Jiangxi Province

作　　者：兰波[1] 余建[1] 霍光华[2] 李湘民[1] 杨迎青[1] LAN Bo;YU Jian;HUO Guanghua;LI Xiangmin;YANG Yingqing(Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Fungal Resources,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nan-chang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]江西农业大学菌物资源保护与利用江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2022年第2期377-385,共9页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20202BBFL63001)。

摘　　要：【目的】为明确江西不同生态地区稻瘟病自然病圃菌群的无毒基因与致病基因分布以及遗传结构。【方法】利用已克隆的8个稻瘟病菌无毒基因与8个致病基因特异性引物对来源于江西5个不同地区稻瘟病自然病圃的189个单孢菌株的基因组DNA进行PCR扩增检测,计算检测基因在不同地区菌株中的分布频率,并根据扩增结果进行聚类,分析稻瘟病菌群体遗传结构。【结果】8个无毒基因Avr-pia、Avr-pizt、ACE1、Avr-pit、Avr-pita、Avr-co39、Avr-pik、PRE1在江西5个稻瘟病自然病圃稻瘟病菌的检测频率存在较大差异,其中都昌菌株中Avr-pik检测频率最高,井冈山、丰城、万安菌株中Avr-pizt检测频率均最高,婺源菌株中Avr-pik、Avr-co39、PRE1检测频率最高均为100%,而Avr-pit在所有地区菌株中检出频率都是最低。8个致病基因MNH1、MgATG5、MPG1、MgYCA1、MgS11、MagB、MPS1、CPKA在江西5个地区稻瘟病自然病圃菌株中只检测到7个,MNH1未检测到,且存在较大的分布差异。MPG1在5个地区病圃稻瘟病菌的检测频率均为最高在90%以上。此外,江西5个稻瘟病病圃菌株被划分为11个遗传宗谱,3个优势宗谱JX1、JX2、JX3占总菌株数的75.66%,其他8个小宗谱或稀有宗谱只占总菌株数的24.34%。【结论】对不同地区稻瘟病菌致病基因和无毒基因动态监测,是指导当地水稻抗瘟品种合理布局与防控稻瘟病流行的有效手段。[Objective]This study aims to determine the distribution and genetic structure of avirulence and pathogencity genes in Magnaporthe oryzae from different ecological rice blast nursery of Jiangxi Province.[Method]The genomic DNAs of 189 single conidial strains of rice blast fungus isolated from 5 different areas of Jiangxi Province were amplified by PCR using the specific primers derived from the cloned 8 avirulence genes and 8 pathogenicity genes,the distribution frequencies of the detected genes in different strains were calculated,and the cluster analysis was made according to the amplified results to analyze the genetic structure of the population.[Result]The detection frequencies of 8 avirulence genes,Avr-pia,Avr-pizt,ACE1,Avr-pit,Avr-pita,Avr-pita,Avr-co39,Avr-pik,PRE1,were different in 5 rice blast nursery of Jiangxi Province.Avr-pik showed the highest detection frequency in Duchang County,Avr-pizt detection frequency was the highest in Jinggangshan City,Fengcheng City and Wan’an County.Avr-pik,Avr-co39,PRE1 detection frequency was100%in Wuyuan county,but Avr-pit showed the lowest frequency in all the rice blast nursery.Among 8 pathogenic genes including MNH1,MgATG5,MPG1,MgYCA1,mggs11,Magb,MPS1 and CPKA,7 of them were detected in 5 rice blast nursery regions of Jiangxi Province.The MNH1 was undetected and there was a relatively large distribution difference.The detection frequency of MPG1 was above 90%in five regions.In addition,5 M.oryzae population were divided into 11 genetic lineages.The three dominant lineages JX1,JX2 and JX3 accounted for 75.66%of the total rice blast strains,and the other eight minor lineages or rare lineages only accounted for 24.34%.[Conclusion]Dynamic monitoring of pathogenicity and avirulence genes of M.oryzae in different areas was an effective method to guide the rational distribution of resistant rice varieties and control the epidemic of rice blast.

关 键 词：稻瘟病菌 无毒基因 致病基因 遗传宗谱 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]