山下黑猪与杜山下杂交猪生产性能的比较分析  

Comparing Production Performance of Shanxia Black Pig with Intercross between Duroc Boars and Shanxia Black Pig Sows

作　　者：李龙云[1,2] 晏敏 涂金敏 张则凯 黄智勇 肖石军 郭源梅[1] LI Longyun;YAN Min;TU Jinmin;ZHANG Zekai;HUANG Zhiyong;XIAO Shijun;GUO Yuanmei(State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;The College of Life Science,Nanchang Normal University,Nanchang 330032,China;Jiangxi Shanxia Huaxi Breeding Pig Co.Ltd,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341900,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学省部共建猪遗传改良与养殖技术国家重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]南昌师范学院生命科学学院,江西南昌330032 [3]江西山下华系种猪养殖有限公司,江西赣州341900

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2022年第2期403-410,共8页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31972542,31660303)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在研究山下黑猪与其杂交组合猪(杜洛克♂×山下黑猪♀:杜山下)的性状差异,为山下黑猪的生产性能评估及其配套生产时选择终端父本提供参考。【方法】通过测定山下黑猪(SX)与杜山下(DSX)杂交猪只的胴体、肉质、繁殖和生长性状,并使用线性模型对以上共计41个具体性状进行统计分析,比较2个群体的生产性能差异。【结果】山下黑猪与杜山下的繁殖性状、生长肥育性状(初生重和宰前活重)差异不显著;杜山下的胸宽、管围和臀宽性状显著大于山下黑猪,体长和体高性状显著小于山下黑猪,杜山下的屠宰率、胴体斜长、胸椎长和眼肌面积均极显著高于山下黑猪,6/7肋皮厚、肩部膘厚、腰部膘厚、荐部膘厚、四点均膘极显著低于山下黑猪,山下黑猪的胸椎数、腰椎数和腰椎长均极显著高于杜山下;肉质性状除大理石纹评分、pH值、45 min肉色评分和24 h a*值没有显著差异外,山下黑猪的肉质性状显著高于杜山下。【结论】山下黑猪凭借优质肉和较大体型可面向中高端市场,而杜山下更高的载肉量可面向中端市场。[Objective]The purpose of this study is to test the differences of productive traits between Shanxia black pig(SX)and its intercross(DSX)with Duroc boars,thus providing reference for evaluating the production performance of Shanxia black pig and selecting a suitable terminal paternal breed to intercross with Shanxia black pig.[Method]The carcass,meat quality,reproductive and growth traits of SX and DSX hybrid pigs were measured,the linear model was used to statistically analyze the 41 recorded traits,and the differences in production performance between the two groups were compared.[Result]There was no significant difference in reproductive traits,growth and fatting traits(the body weights at birth and at slaughter)between Shanxia Black pigs and DSX pigs.The chest width,cannon circumference and hip width traits of DSX pigs were significantly bigger than those of Shanxia black pigs,the body length and body height traits of DSX pigs were significantly less than those of Shanxia black pigs,and the dressing rate,carcass oblique length and thoracic spine length,the LD area,the skin thickness in 6/7 rib,the shoulder/waist/sacrum fat thickness and the 4-point average backfat thickness traits of DSX were significantly better than those of Shanxia Black pigs.The number of thoracic and lumbar vertebra and lumbar spine length in Shanxia black pigs were better than those of DSX.The meat quality traits(except the pH value,the marbling score,the color score at 45 min and the a*value at 24 h)of Shanxia black pigs were significantly better than those of DSX.[Conclusion]The high-quality pork and larger size of of Shanxia black pigs can meet the needs of medium and high-end market,while higher meat load of DSX can satisfy the need of medium market.

关 键 词：山下黑猪 杜洛克 胴体性状 肉质性状 配合力测定 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]