外圈滚道剥离故障对滚动轴承动力学响应的影响分析  

Analysis of the influence of outer ring raceway peeling fault on the dynamic response of a rolling bearing

作　　者：丁东升 刘永强[1,2] 杨绍普 DING Dongsheng;LIU Yongqiang;YANG Shaopu(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043 [2]石家庄铁道大学机械工程学院,石家庄050043

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第8期141-148,216,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11790282,12032017,11802184,11902205,12002221);河北省科技计划项目(20310803D);河北省自然科学基金(A2020210028)。

摘　　要：为了探究高速列车轴箱轴承在外圈滚道产生剥离故障后内部元件的动力学响应规律,采用三维建模软件Solidworks和多体动力学分析软件ADAMS建立了轴承动力学模型。模型考虑了材料属性、约束、载荷和接触关系等因素,模拟了外圈滚道多个位置处的剥离故障。采用高速列车轴承综合试验台对轴箱轴承进行动力学试验,并与仿真结果对比,验证了模型的有效性。通过分析不同故障位置的轴承动力学仿真结果,研究了滚子、保持架的动态响应变化规律。研究发现:当滚子质心的径向运动轨迹呈现“正弦”状时,不随外圈滚道损伤位置的不同而变化;当外圈滚道损伤位于3点钟和9点钟位置时,保持架质心的径向运动轨迹无规律可循;当外圈滚道损伤位于6点钟位置时,保持架质心的径向运动轨迹呈现近似“正弦”状,滚子和保持架质心的波动量最小,滚子和内圈、外圈滚道间的接触力最大;当外圈滚道损伤位于12点钟位置时,保持架质心的径向运动轨迹呈现近似“正弦”状,滚子和保持架质心的波动量最大,滚子和内圈、外圈滚道间的接触力最小。研究结果对认识轴承发生外圈故障时内部元件间的运动规律、轴承运行维护和振动数据的采集提供了一定的借鉴意义。In order to explore the dynamic response law of the internal components of an axle box bearing of the high-speed train after the peeling fault occurred in the outer ring raceway,a bearing dynamic model was established by using three-dimensional modeling software Solidworks and multi-body dynamics analysis software ADAMS.The model takes into account the factors such as material properties,constraints,load and contact relationship,and simulates the peeling fault at multiple positions of the outer ring raceway.The dynamic experiment of the axle box bearing was carried out on the bearing comprehensive test-bed of the high-speed train,and the validity of the model was verified by comparing with simulation results.By analyzing the dynamic simulation results of bearings with different fault positions,the dynamic response rules of rollers and cages were studied.It was found that the radial motion trajectory of the roller centroid shows a“sinusoidal”shape,which does not change with the damage position of the outer ring raceway,and when the outer ring raceway damage is at 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock,the radial motion trajectory of the cage centroid is irregular.When the damage of the outer ring raceway is located at 6 o’clock,the radial motion track of the center of mass of the cage is approximately“sinusoidal”,the fluctuation of the center of mass of the roller and the cage is the smallest,and the contact force between the roller and the inner ring and the outer ring is the largest.When the outer ring raceway damage is located at 12 o’clock,the radial motion trajectory of the cage centroid is approximately“sinusoidal”,the fluctuation of the roller and the cage centroid is the largest,and the contact force between the roller,the inner ring,and the outer ring is the minimum.The results provide a certain reference significance for understanding the motion law of the internal components,bearing operation and maintenance and vibration data collection when the bearing has outer ring failure.

关 键 词：高速列车 轴箱轴承 轴承外圈滚道故障 动力学响应规律 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]